{"id":9441,"date":"2025-10-30T14:10:19","date_gmt":"2025-10-30T06:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=9441"},"modified":"2025-10-30T14:10:19","modified_gmt":"2025-10-30T06:10:19","slug":"rag%e7%b3%bb%e7%bb%9f%e8%af%84%e4%bc%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=9441","title":{"rendered":"RAG\u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4f30"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u773c\u91cc\uff0cRAG \u9879\u76ee\u80fd\u201c\u8dd1\u901a\u201d\u5c31\u7b97\u5b8c\u4e8b\u4e86\uff0c \u4f46\u5728\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5927\u5382\u6216\u91d1\u878d\u4f01\u4e1a\u91cc\uff0c\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fdc\u6ca1\u8fd9\u4e48\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/p>\n

\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u8ffd\u95ee\u4e00\u53e5\uff1a<\/p>\n

\n

\u201c\u90a3\u4f60\u4eec\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u8bc4\u4f30 RAG \u7cfb\u7edf\u6548\u679c\u7684\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u4f60\u8fd8\u5728\u8bb2\u201c\u80fd\u7b54\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u201d\u201c\u6548\u679c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u201d\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u592a\u4e1a\u4f59\u4e86\u3002 \u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u4f53\u7cfb\u3001\u6709\u6307\u6807\u3001\u6709\u91cf\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u804a\u804a\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u5236\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684 RAG \u7cfb\u7edf\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u9488\u5bf9\u91d1\u878d\u4fdd\u9669\u7c7b\u95ee\u7b54\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f53\u7cfb\u5f88\u5173\u952e<\/strong><\/h3>\n

RAG \u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u662f\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4e4b\u95f4\u4fdd\u6301\u5e73\u8861\u3002 \u4f46\u201c\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u7528\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u62cd\u8111\u888b\u51b3\u5b9a\u7684\u3002 \u8981\u8ba9\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fdb\u5165\u751f\u4ea7\u843d\u5730\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u56de\u7b54\u4e94\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff1a<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u5b83\u7b54\u5f97\u51c6\u4e0d\u51c6\uff1f<\/li>\n
  2. \u5b83\u9760\u4e0d\u9760\u8c31\uff1f<\/li>\n
  3. \u5b83\u5feb\u4e0d\u5feb\uff1f<\/li>\n
  4. \u5b83\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6269\uff1f<\/li>\n
  5. \u7528\u6237\u7528\u7740\u723d\u4e0d\u723d\uff1f<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\uff1a\u53ec\u56de\u7387 \/ \u51c6\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u3001\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u4e8c\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u4e0e\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff1a\u5148\u786e\u5b9a\u201c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b54\u5bf9\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    \u8fd9\u662f\u6700\u57fa\u7840\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u91d1\u878d\u4fdd\u9669\u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5173\u952e\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u7b54\u5bf9\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u201c\u7f16\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u901a\u5e38\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c42\u9762\u8bc4\u4f30\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u7b54\u6848\u51c6\u786e\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u770b\u6a21\u578b\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u8fd1\u6807\u51c6\u7b54\u6848\uff1b<\/li>\n
    • \u68c0\u7d22\u53ec\u56de\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u770b\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5426\u80fd\u627e\u5230\u5305\u542b\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u7684\u6587\u6863\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u8fd9\u65f6\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u51e0\u5927\u7ecf\u5178\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \n
      • BLEU<\/strong>\uff1a\u8861\u91cf n \u5143\u8bed\u6cd5\u5339\u914d\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff1b<\/li>\n
      • ROUGE<\/strong>\uff1a\u8861\u91cf\u53ec\u56de\u8986\u76d6\u7387\uff1b<\/li>\n
      • MRR<\/strong>\uff08Mean Reciprocal Rank\uff09\uff1a\u770b\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u6392\u5728\u7b2c\u51e0\u4e2a\uff1b<\/li>\n
      • Top-k Recall<\/strong>\uff1a\u6b63\u786e\u6587\u6863\u662f\u5426\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u524d k \u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u4e3e\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff08\u4ee3\u7801\u7565\u7b80\u5316\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n

        from nltk.translate.bleu_score import sentence_bleu, SmoothingFunction\nfrom rouge import Rouge\n\nref = "\u60a8\u7684\u6c7d\u8f66\u4fdd\u9669\u53ef\u8d54\u507f\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u7ef4\u4fee\u8d39\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u3002"\ngen = "\u60a8\u7684\u4fdd\u5355\u901a\u5e38\u6db5\u76d6\u8f66\u7978\u540e\u7684\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u8d54\u507f\u3002"\n\nchencherry = SmoothingFunction()\nbleu = sentence_bleu([list(ref)], list(gen), smoothing_function=chencherry.method1)\nrouge = Rouge().get_scores(gen, ref)\nprint(f"BLEU: {bleu:.3f}, ROUGE-1 F1: {rouge[0]['rouge-1']['f']:.3f}")<\/code><\/pre>\n
        \u5982\u679c BLEU \u8d85\u8fc7 0.6\u3001ROUGE \u5728 0.7 \u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u56de\u7b54\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u7b54\u6848\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002 \u518d\u914d\u5408\u68c0\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u7684 MRR\u3001Top-3 \u53ec\u56de\u7387\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u5224\u65ad\u6574\u4e2a\u94fe\u8def\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u4e09\u3001\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\uff1a\u8ba9\u7b54\u6848\u201c\u6709\u51fa\u5904\u3001\u6709\u4f9d\u636e\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n
        \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u770b\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5426\u201c\u6709\u6839\u6709\u636e\u201d\u3002 \u5c24\u5176\u5728\u91d1\u878d\u4fdd\u9669\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u8ffd\u6eaf\u3002<\/p>\n
        \u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n
          \n
        • \u7b54\u6848\u4e0e\u652f\u6301\u6587\u6863\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5ea6<\/strong><\/li>\n
        • \u6587\u6863\u8986\u76d6\u7387<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          \u7b80\u5355\u6765\u8bf4\uff1a \u7b54\u6848\u91cc\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u68c0\u7d22\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n
          generated = "\u60a8\u7684\u4fdd\u5355\u901a\u5e38\u6db5\u76d6\u8f66\u7978\u540e\u7684\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u3001\u8f66\u8f86\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u8d54\u507f\u3002"\ndocs = [\n    "\u6839\u636e\u4fdd\u9669\u6761\u6b3e\uff0c\u533b\u7597\u8d39\u7528\u548c\u8f66\u8f86\u635f\u5931\u5728\u8f66\u7978\u7406\u8d54\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u8d54\u507f\u3002",\n    "\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u5bf9\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u9020\u6210\u635f\u5bb3\uff0c\u4fdd\u9669\u4e5f\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u8d54\u4ed8\u3002"\n]\ntokens = lambda x: [c for c in x if c.strip()]\na, d = set(tokens(generated)), set(tokens("".join(docs)))\ncoverage = len(a & d) \/ len(a)\nprint(f"\u652f\u6301\u6587\u6863\u8986\u76d6\u7387: {coverage:.2f}")<\/code><\/pre>\n
          \u5982\u679c\u8986\u76d6\u7387\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230 0.7 \u4ee5\u4e0a\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u56de\u7b54\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u68c0\u7d22\u6587\u6863\uff0c\u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8f83\u9ad8\u3002 \u5728\u66f4\u9ad8\u9636\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8ba1\u7b97\u8bed\u4e49\u91cd\u53e0\uff0c \u6216\u8005\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u67e5\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u5426\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5177\u4f53\u6587\u6863\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u56db\u3001\u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5feb\u4e0d\u5feb\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u548c\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/strong><\/h3>\n
          \u91d1\u878d\u573a\u666f\u7684\u7528\u6237\u6700\u6015\u7684\u4e0d\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u9519\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u56de\u7b54\u6162\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc4\u4f30\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
          \u5e38\u7528\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \n
          • \u5e73\u5747\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff08Average Latency\uff09<\/li>\n
          • P95 \/ P99 \u5ef6\u8fdf\uff08\u957f\u5c3e\u6027\u80fd\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
            \u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u591a\u6b21\u67e5\u8be2\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u7cfb\u7edf\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
            import random\ntimes = [random.uniform(0.1, 0.3) for _ in range(100)]\navg = sum(times)\/len(times)\np95 = sorted(times)[int(0.95*len(times))-1]\np99 = sorted(times)[int(0.99*len(times))-1]\nprint(f"\u5e73\u5747: {avg:.3f}s, P95: {p95:.3f}s, P99: {p99:.3f}s")<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u4f8b\u5982\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
            \u5e73\u5747: 0.200s, P95: 0.280s, P99: 0.290s<\/code><\/pre>\n
            \u8bf4\u660e 95% \u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u5728 0.28 \u79d2\u5185\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u8868\u73b0\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002 \u5982\u679c P99 \u660e\u663e\u9ad8\u4e8e\u5e73\u5747\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u68c0\u67e5\u74f6\u9888\u5728\u54ea\uff1a \u662f\u68c0\u7d22\u6162\uff1f\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u5361\uff1f\u8fd8\u662f\u7f51\u7edc\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff1f<\/p>\n
            \u4e94\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\uff1a\u6491\u5f97\u4f4f\u7528\u6237\u91cf\u624d\u53eb\u7cfb\u7edf<\/strong><\/h3>\n
            RAG \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8003\u9a8c\u662f\u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002 \u6587\u6863\u91cf\u7ffb\u5341\u500d\u3001\u5e76\u53d1\u7ffb\u5341\u500d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1f<\/p>\n
            \u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
              \n
            • \u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u89c4\u6a21\u4e0b\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u8017\u65f6\u53d8\u5316<\/strong>\uff1b<\/li>\n
            • \u7cfb\u7edf\u541e\u5410\u91cf\uff08QPS\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
              \u6bd4\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n
              import time\nsizes = [1000, 10000, 100000]\nfor s in sizes:\n    data = list(range(s))\n    q = 100\n    start = time.time()\n    for _ in range(q):\n        _ = (s+1) in data\n    total = time.time() - start\n    print(f"\u6570\u636e\u91cf: {s}, \u5e73\u5747\u8017\u65f6: {total\/q*1000:.3f}ms, \u541e\u5410\u91cf: {q\/total:.1f}\/s")<\/code><\/pre>\n
              \u968f\u7740\u89c4\u6a21\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u54cd\u5e94\u8017\u65f6\u4e0a\u5347\u3001\u541e\u5410\u91cf\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c \u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u7d22\u5f15\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u5426\u9ad8\u6548\u3002 \u771f\u5b9e\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5411\u91cf\u7d22\u5f15\u6216\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u7f13\u5b58\u6765\u7ef4\u6301\u7ebf\u6027\u589e\u957f\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u516d\u3001\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\uff1a\u7cfb\u7edf\u597d\u4e0d\u597d\u7528\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u8bf4\u4e86\u7b97<\/strong><\/h3>\n
              \u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u5f71\u54cd\u53e3\u7891\u7684\uff1a\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
              \u8fd9\u91cc\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4e24\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n
                \n
              1. \u7528\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\uff08\u4eba\u5de5\u6253\u5206\u6216\u53cd\u9988\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff09<\/li>\n
              2. \u7b54\u6848\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff08\u6587\u672c\u6e05\u6670\u5ea6\u4e0e\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u6027\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
                ratings = [5,4,5,3,4,4,5]\navg = sum(ratings)\/len(ratings)\nprint(f"\u7528\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747: {avg:.2f}\/5")<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
                \u7528\u6237\u6ee1\u610f\u5ea6\u5e73\u5747: 4.29\/5<\/code><\/pre>\n
                \u8bf4\u660e\u603b\u4f53\u4f53\u9a8c\u8f83\u597d\u3002 \u800c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97 Flesch Reading Ease\uff08\u9488\u5bf9\u82f1\u6587\uff09\uff0c \u4e2d\u6587\u53ef\u6539\u7528\u53e5\u957f\u3001\u672f\u8bed\u6bd4\u4f8b\u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u5206\u6570\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8bed\u8a00\u8d8a\u6e05\u6670\u6613\u61c2\u3002 \u5728\u91d1\u878d\u4fdd\u9669\u7c7b\u95ee\u7b54\u4e2d\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u56de\u7b54\u5e94\u907f\u514d\u5806\u780c\u672f\u8bed\u6216\u6761\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n
                \u4e03\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\uff1a\u8ba9\u6a21\u578b\u201c\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u806a\u660e\u201d<\/strong><\/h3>\n
                \u8fd9\u4e94\u4e2a\u7ef4\u5ea6\u770b\u4f3c\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ed\u73af\u3002<\/p>\n
                  \n
                • \u53ec\u56de\u7387 \/ \u51c6\u786e\u7387<\/strong>\uff1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u201c\u8bf4\u5bf9\u8bdd\u201d\uff1b<\/li>\n
                • \u53ef\u4fe1\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u201c\u6709\u4f9d\u636e\u201d\uff1b<\/li>\n
                • \u54cd\u5e94\u901f\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u201c\u591f\u5feb\u201d\uff1b<\/li>\n
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