{"id":9159,"date":"2024-02-22T09:30:19","date_gmt":"2024-02-22T01:30:19","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=9159"},"modified":"2024-02-22T09:30:19","modified_gmt":"2024-02-22T01:30:19","slug":"%e4%bd%a0%e7%9f%a5%e9%81%93-python-%e5%85%b6%e5%ae%9e%e8%87%aa%e5%b8%a6%e4%ba%86%e5%b0%8f%e5%9e%8b%e6%95%b0%e6%8d%ae%e5%ba%93%e5%90%97","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=9159","title":{"rendered":"\u4f60\u77e5\u9053 Python \u5176\u5b9e\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5417"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>dbm<\/h2>\n<p>DBM\uff08DataBase Manager\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5728 Unix \u5e73\u53f0\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5e73\u53f0\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e KV \u6a21\u578b\uff0cDBM \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u3001\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cDBM \u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u7b80\u5355\u5feb\u901f\uff1a\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u7528\uff0c\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u5199\u5165\u64cd\u4f5c\u90fd\u5f88\u5feb\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u5b58\u50a8\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u662f\u4ee5\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u5f62\u5f0f\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c Python \u5b57\u5178\u4e00\u6837\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u6587\u4ef6\u5b58\u50a8\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5728\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5907\u4efd\u548c\u8f6c\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u67e5\u8be2\u6216\u9700\u8981\u5173\u7cfb\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0cDBM \u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u800c Python \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a dbm \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u5b83\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86 DBM \u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import dbm\n\n# \u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\n# \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\n#     r\uff1a\u53ea\u8bfb\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\n#     w\uff1a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6587\u4ef6\u5fc5\u987b\u5b58\u5728\n#     c\uff1a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8ffd\u52a0\n#     n\uff1a\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u6e05\u7a7a\n# \u7b2c\u4e09\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u6743\u9650\uff0c\u7528\u516b\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u5b57\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 0o666\uff0c\u5373\u53ef\u8bfb\u53ef\u5199\u4e0d\u53ef\u6267\u884c\ndb = dbm.open(&quot;store&quot;, &quot;c&quot;)\n\n# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b58\u50a8\u503c\u4e86\uff0ckey \u548c value \u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216 bytes \u5bf9\u8c61\ndb[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;S \u305b\u3093\u305b\u3044&quot;\ndb[&quot;age&quot;] = &quot;18&quot;\ndb[b&quot;corporation&quot;] = &quot;\u5c0f\u6469&quot;.encode(&quot;utf-8&quot;)\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\ndb.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b57\u5178\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14 key \u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u540e\uff0c\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4f1a\u591a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a store.db \u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/640-1708565235562-6.png\" alt=\"\u56fe\u7247\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8bfb\u53d6\u521a\u624d\u5199\u5165\u7684\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import dbm\n\ndb = dbm.open(&quot;store&quot;, &quot;c&quot;)\n\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u7684 key\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\nprint(db.keys())\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n[b&#039;corporation&#039;, b&#039;name&#039;, b&#039;age&#039;]\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n# \u5224\u65ad\u4e00\u4e2a key \u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\uff0ckey \u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216 bytes \u5bf9\u8c61\nprint(&quot;name&quot; in db, &quot;NAME&quot; in db)\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nTrue False\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n# \u83b7\u53d6\u4e00\u4e2a key \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 value\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u662f bytes \u5bf9\u8c61\nprint(db[&quot;name&quot;].decode(&quot;utf-8&quot;))\nprint(db[b&quot;corporation&quot;].decode(&quot;utf-8&quot;))\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nS \u305b\u3093\u305b\u3044\n\u5c0f\u6469\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n# key \u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f1a\u629b\u51fa KeyError\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 get \u65b9\u6cd5\nprint(db.get(&quot;NAME&quot;, b&quot;unknown&quot;))\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nb&#039;unknown&#039;\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n# \u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 setdefault \u65b9\u6cd5\uff0ckey \u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb\nprint(db.setdefault(&quot;gender&quot;, b&quot;female&quot;))\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nb&#039;female&#039;\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nprint(db[&quot;gender&quot;])\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nb&#039;female&#039;\n&quot;&quot;&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u975e\u5e38\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5f53\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u4e0d\u9002\u5408\u653e\u5728\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u6ca1\u5fc5\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u59a8\u8bd5\u8bd5\u4f7f\u7528 dbm \u6a21\u5757\u5427\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\u5566\uff0cdbm \u867d\u7136\u5f88\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u53ea\u80fd\u6301\u4e45\u5316 bytes \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4e5f\u662f\u8f6c\u6210 bytes \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e4b\u540e\u518d\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9664\u4e86 dbm \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u6a21\u5757 shelve\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u4efb\u610f\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>shelve<\/h2>\n<p>shelve \u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c dbm \u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\uff0c\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u662f shelve \u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u8981\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u901f\u5ea6\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u5c31\u6162\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\n# \u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f c\n# \u56e0\u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\uff0c\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u8ffd\u52a0\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\n\nsh[&quot;name&quot;] = [&quot;S \u8001\u5e08&quot;, &quot;\u9ad8\u8001\u5e08&quot;, &quot;\u7535\u70e4\ud83d\udc14\u67b6&quot;]\nsh[&quot;age&quot;] = {18}\nsh[&quot;job&quot;] = {&quot;tutu&quot;: &quot;\u5927\u5b66\u751f&quot;, &quot;xueer&quot;: &quot;\u533b\u751f&quot;}\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5237\u5230\u78c1\u76d8\u4e2d\nsh.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u672c\u5730\u4f1a\u591a\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a shelve.db \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\n\nprint(sh[&quot;name&quot;])\nprint(sh[&quot;name&quot;][2] == &quot;\u7535\u70e4\ud83d\udc14\u67b6&quot;)\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n[&#039;S \u8001\u5e08&#039;, &#039;\u9ad8\u8001\u5e08&#039;, &#039;\u7535\u70e4\ud83d\udc14\u67b6&#039;]\nTrue\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nprint(sh[&quot;age&quot;])\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n{18}\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nprint(sh[&quot;job&quot;])\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n{&#039;tutu&#039;: &#039;\u5927\u5b66\u751f&#039;, &#039;xueer&#039;: &#039;\u533b\u751f&#039;}\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\nsh.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8bfb\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u4e5f\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\nclass People:\n    def __init__(self, name, age):\n        self.name = name\n        self.age = age\n\n    @property\n    def print_info(self):\n        return f&quot;name is {self.name}, age is {self.age}&quot;\n\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\n\np = People(&quot;\u7fa4\u4e3b&quot;, 58)\n# \u5c06\u7c7b\u3001\u548c\u8be5\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5b58\u50a8\u8fdb\u53bb\nsh[&quot;People&quot;] = People\nsh[&quot;p&quot;] = p\nsh.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\n\n# \u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cPeople \u662f\u6211\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\n# \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u60f3\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u8fd8\u539f\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8be5\u7c7b\u5fc5\u987b\u8981\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\ntry:\n    sh[&quot;People&quot;]\nexcept AttributeError as e:\n    print(e)\n    &quot;&quot;&quot;\n    Can&#039;t get attribute &#039;People&#039; on &lt;module ...&gt;\n    &quot;&quot;&quot;\n\nclass People:\n    def __init__(self, name, age):\n        self.name = name\n        self.age = age\n\n    @property\n    def print_info(self):\n        return f&quot;name is {self.name}, age is {self.age}&quot;\n\nprint(sh[&quot;People&quot;] is People)\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nTrue\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nprint(sh[&quot;p&quot;].print_info)\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nname is \u7fa4\u4e3b, age is 58\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nprint(sh[&quot;People&quot;](&quot;\u7fa4\u4e3b&quot;, 38).print_info)\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nname is \u7fa4\u4e3b, age is 38\n&quot;&quot;&quot;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f shelve \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u5b83\u5e95\u5c42\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e pickle \u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u590d\u6742\u7684 Python \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5b58\u50a8\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd8\u662f\u63a8\u8350 dbm\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\u5728\u4f7f\u7528 shelve \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5751\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\n# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\nsh[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;\u53e4\u660e\u5730\u89c9&quot;\nsh[&quot;score&quot;] = [80, 80, 80]\nsh.close()\n\n# \u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\nsh[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;\u8299\u5170\u6735\u9732&quot;\nsh[&quot;score&quot;].append(90)\nsh.close()\n\n# \u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\nprint(sh[&quot;name&quot;])\nprint(sh[&quot;score&quot;])\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u8299\u5170\u6735\u9732\n[80, 80, 80]\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nsh.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u521b\u5efa\u4e24\u4e2a\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u5c06\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b21\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u67e5\u770b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0 sh[&quot;name&quot;] \u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u800c sh[&quot;score&quot;] \u5374\u6ca1\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u539f\u56e0\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u4fee\u6539 name \u65f6\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u539f\u672c\u5185\u5b58\u91cc\u7684\u503c\u7ed9\u66ff\u6362\u6389\u3002\u800c\u4fee\u6539 score \u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u539f\u6709\u503c\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u505a append \u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u53d8\u5bf9\u8c61\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fdb\u884c\u4fee\u6539\uff0cshelve \u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u5e76\u628a\u539f\u6709\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u7ed9\u66ff\u6362\u6389\u3002\u6240\u4ee5 sh[&quot;score&quot;].append(90) \u4e4b\u540e\uff0csh[&quot;score&quot;] \u4ecd\u662f [80, 80, 80]\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f [80, 80, 80, 90]\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a shelve \u6ca1\u6709\u8bb0\u5f55\u5bf9\u8c61\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u5f97\u5230\u671f\u671b\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u628a\u5bf9\u8c61\u6574\u4f53\u6362\u6389\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9 sh[&quot;score&quot;] = [80, 80, 80, 90]\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u5728\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u591a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570 writeback\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import shelve\n\n# \u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\nsh[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;\u53e4\u660e\u5730\u89c9&quot;\nsh[&quot;score&quot;] = [80, 80, 80]\nsh.close()\n\n# \u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;, writeback=True)\nsh[&quot;name&quot;] = &quot;\u8299\u5170\u6735\u9732&quot;\nsh[&quot;score&quot;].append(90)\nsh.close()\n\n# \u518d\u6b21\u91cd\u65b0\u6253\u5f00\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\nsh = shelve.open(&quot;shelve&quot;)\nprint(sh[&quot;name&quot;])\nprint(sh[&quot;score&quot;])\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\n\u8299\u5170\u6735\u9732\n[80, 80, 80, 90]\n&quot;&quot;&quot;\nsh.close()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u90fd\u53d1\u751f\u6539\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u989d\u5916\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u6d88\u8017\u3002\u5f53\u6307\u5b9a writeback=True \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cshelve \u4f1a\u5c06\u8bfb\u53d6\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u653e\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5185\u5b58\u7f13\u5b58\u5f53\u4e2d\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86 20 \u4e2a\u6301\u4e45\u5316\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5269\u4f59\u7684 19 \u4e2a\u53ea\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53 sh.close() \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9 20 \u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u5199\u56de\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u56e0\u4e3a shelve \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f60\u4f1a\u5bf9\u54ea\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u505a\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7ba1\u4f60\u662f\u67e5\u770b\u8fd8\u662f\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u653e\u5230\u7f13\u5b58\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u90fd\u5199\u56de\u53bb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e24\u70b9\u5f71\u54cd\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>shelve \u4f1a\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u653e\u5230\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7247\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b49\u4e8e\u662f\u989d\u5916\u62f7\u8d1d\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u867d\u7136\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e86 N \u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u4fee\u6539\u4e86 1 \u4e2a\uff0c\u800c shelve \u4f1a\u628a N \u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u90fd\u91cd\u65b0\u5199\u56de\u53bb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u9020\u6210\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6548\u7387\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u56e0\u6b64\u52a0\u4e0d\u52a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u7531\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0cPython \u7b97\u662f\u81ea\u5e26\u4e86\u5c0f\u578b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u5408\u9002\u7684\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u628a\u5b83\u7528\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>dbm DBM\uff08DataBase Manager\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u7528\u4e8e\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u6700\u521d\u662f\u5728 Unix \u5e73\u53f0\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u5b83\u5e73\u53f0\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5   \u2026 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[21,22],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9159"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9159"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9159\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9160,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9159\/revisions\/9160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}