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- \n
- \u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u6587\u672c\u6e05\u6d17\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u5efa\u6a21\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u8bc4\u4f30\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u90e8\u7f72\uff1b<\/li>\n
- \u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/72ecab5bfac7e509.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-1\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u901a\u7528\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n
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2.\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6<\/h2>\n
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\u4f7f\u7528\u516c\u5f00\u6570\u636e\u96c6<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u6293\u53d6\u6570\u636e<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u4ea7\u54c1\u5e72\u9884<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u6570\u636e\u589e\u5f3a<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u968f\u673a\u9009\u62e9 k<\/em> \u4e2a\u975e\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7528\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 WordNet \u7684 Synsets \u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56de\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50 S1\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8c37\u6b4c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e93\u628a\u5b83\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5fb7\u8bed\u3002\u4ee4\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u5fb7\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u4e3a S2\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5e93\uff0c\u5c06 S2 \u7ffb\u8bd1\u56de\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u4ee4\u8f93\u51fa\u53e5\u5b50\u4e3a S3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cS1 \u548c S3 \u610f\u601d\u975e\u5e38\u63a5\u8fd1\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u7a0d\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a S3 \u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6280\u5de7\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u56fe 2-2\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 Qizhe Xie\u3001Zihang Dai\u3001Eduard Hovy \u7b49\u4eba\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cUnsupervised Data Augmentation for Consistency Training\u201d\uff09\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u56de\u8bd1\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/aa2dbad05cbd9bd9.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-2\uff1a\u56de\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u57fa\u4e8e TF-IDF \u7684\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u4e8c\u5143\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ffb\u8f6c<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u66ff\u6362\u5b9e\u4f53<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u6570\u636e\u52a0\u566a<\/strong><\/p>\n
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\u9ad8\u9636\u6280\u672f<\/strong><\/p>\n
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3.\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u6e05\u6d17<\/h2>\n
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![\"{%}\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/011dacef1c3e3ccd.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-3\uff1a(a) PDF \u53d1\u7968\uff1b(b) HTML \u6587\u672c\uff1b(c) \u56fe\u50cf\u4e2d\u5d4c\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6574\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5904\u7406\u4e0d\u597d\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u540e\u7eed\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u6700\u8017\u65f6\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u8d85\u51fa\u4e86\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u4f46\u672c\u8282\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u51e0\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e2d\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u672c\u8282\u8fd8\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u4ece\u5404\u79cd\u6765\u6e90\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u672c\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5176\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
3.1HTML\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u6e05\u6d17<\/h3>\n
\u4ee5\u5efa\u7acb\u7f16\u7a0b\u95ee\u7b54\u8bba\u575b\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u9879\u76ee\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u5047\u5982\u5df2\u7ecf\u786e\u5b9a Stack Over\ufb02ow \u4e3a\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5e76\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ece\u8be5\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u6700\u4f73\u7b54\u6848\u5bf9\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u89c2\u5bdf Stack Over\ufb02ow \u95ee\u9898\u9875\u9762\u7684 HTML \u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7b54\u6848\u90fd\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u4ece HTML \u9875\u9762\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7f16\u5199\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 HTML \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u66f4\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5229\u7528\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5e93\uff0c\u5982 Beautiful Soup \u548c Scrapy\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u89e3\u6790\u7f51\u9875\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Beautiful Soup \u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u91cc\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4ece Stack Over\ufb02ow \u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u6700\u4f73\u7b54\u6848\u5bf9\uff1a<\/p>\n
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup\nfrom urllib.request import urlopen\nmyurl = "https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/415511\/\n how-to-get-the-current-time-in-python"\nhtml = urlopen(myurl).read()\nsoupified = BeautifulSoup(html, "html.parser")\nquestion = soupified.find("div", {"class": "question"})\nquestiontext = question.find("div", {"class": "post-text"})\nprint("Question: \\n", questiontext.get_text().strip())\nanswer = soupified.find("div", {"class": "answer"})\nanswertext = answer.find("div", {"class": "post-text"})\nprint("Best answer: \\n", answertext.get_text().strip())<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bf9 HTML \u6587\u6863\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u6b64\u4ee3\u7801\u663e\u793a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
Question:\nWhat is the module\/method used to get the current time?\nBest answer:\n Use:\n>>> import datetime\n>>> datetime.datetime.now()\ndatetime.datetime(2009, 1, 6, 15, 8, 24, 78915)\n\n>>> print(datetime.datetime.now())\n2009-01-06 15:08:24.789150\n\nAnd just the time:\n>>> datetime.datetime.now().time()\ndatetime.time(15, 8, 24, 78915)\n\n>>> print(datetime.datetime.now().time())\n15:08:24.789150\n\nSee the documentation for more information.\nTo save typing, you can import the datetime object from the datetime module:\n>>> from datetime import datetime\n\nThen remove the leading datetime. from all of the above.<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff1a\u63d0\u53d6\u95ee\u9898\u53ca\u5176\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u90ae\u5bc4\u5730\u5740\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u5148\u4ece\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u6587\u672c\uff08\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u6587\u672c\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u6267\u884c\u5176\u4ed6\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684 HTML \u5e93\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5265\u79bb\u6240\u6709\u7684 HTML \u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u5e76\u53ea\u8fd4\u56de\u6807\u8bb0\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u566a\u58f0\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u5927\u91cf\u7684 JavaScript\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53ea\u63d0\u53d6\u7f51\u9875\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6587\u672c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
3.2Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4ee3\u7801\u6e05\u6d17 HTML \u6807\u8bb0\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u9047\u5230\u5404\u79cd Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u8868\u60c5\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56fe\u5f62\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u56fe 2-4 \u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"{%}\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/4623e585d743178d.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-4\uff1aUnicode \u5b57\u7b26<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u6790\u8fd9\u4e9b\u975e\u6587\u672c\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528 Unicode \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5e94\u8be5\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8868\u793a\u6765\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u79f0\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u7801<\/strong>\u3002\u5ffd\u7565\u7f16\u7801\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u7eed\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u5904\u7406\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u6709\u591a\u79cd\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7f16\u7801\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5728\u5f88\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5728\u5904\u7406\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u672c\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u6848\u4e4b\u95f4\u8fdb\u884c\u8f6c\u6362\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f Unicode \u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n
text = 'I love \ud83c\udf55 ! Shall we book a \ud83d\ude95 to get pizza?'\nText = text.encode("utf-8")\nprint(Text)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8f93\u51fa\uff1a<\/p>\n
b'I love Pizza \\xf0\\x9f\\x8d\\x95! Shall we book a cab \\xf0\\x9f\\x9a\\x95\n to get pizza?'<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6587\u672c\u662f\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u8bfb\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0b\u6e38\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u5c06\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u5904\u7406 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
3.3\u62fc\u5199\u66f4\u6b63<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u901f\u8bb0\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u8bef\u89e6\u952e\u76d8\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7ecf\u5e38\u5b58\u5728\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u3001\u6587\u672c\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49\u5f88\u591a\u6570\u636e\u6765\u6e90\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f88\u666e\u904d\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5220\u9664\u4e86 HTML \u6807\u8bb0\u5e76\u5904\u7406\u4e86 Unicode \u5b57\u7b26\uff0c\u4f46\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u635f\u5bb3\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u5fae\u535a\u4e2d\u7684\u901f\u8bb0\u6587\u672c\u6d88\u606f\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u59a8\u788d\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u901f\u8bb0\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a
Hllo world! I am back!<\/code><\/p>\n\u8bef\u89e6\u952e\u76d8\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a
I pronise that I will not bresk the silence again!<\/code><\/p>\n\u901f\u8bb0\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u804a\u5929\u754c\u9762\u4e2d\u5f88\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u800c\u8bef\u89e6\u952e\u76d8\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u662f\u65e0\u610f\u95f4\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e0d\u96be\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u9760\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5e94\u5bf9\u3002\u5fae\u8f6f\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a REST API\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 Python \u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n
import requests\nimport json\n\napi_key = "<\u6b64\u5904\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u94a5>"\nexample_text = "Hollo, wrld" # \u9700\u8981\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u7684\u6587\u672c\n\ndata = {'text': example_text}\nparams = {\n 'mkt':'en-us',\n 'mode':'proof'\n }\nheaders = {\n 'Content-Type': 'application\/x-www-form-urlencoded',\n 'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': api_key,\n }\nresponse = requests.post(endpoint, headers=headers, params=params, data=data)\njson_response = response.json()\nprint(json.dumps(json_response, indent=4))<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8f93\u51fa\uff08\u4ec5\u663e\u793a\u90e8\u5206\u7ed3\u679c\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n
"suggestions": [\n {\n "suggestion": "Hello",\n "score": 0.9115257530801\n },\n {\n "suggestion": "Hollow",\n "score": 0.858039839213461\n },\n {\n "suggestion": "Hallo",\n "score": 0.597385084464481\n }<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u53c2\u89c1\u5fae\u8f6f\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u201cQuickstart: Check spelling with the Bing Spell Check REST API and Python\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86 API \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5927\u8bcd\u5178\u6765\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u5668\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u662f\u5bfb\u627e\u6240\u6709\u6539\u52a8\uff08\u6dfb\u52a0\u3001\u5220\u9664\u3001\u66ff\u6362\uff09\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u201chello\u201d\u662f\u8bcd\u5178\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6709\u6548\u5355\u8bcd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5728\u201chllo\u201d\u4e2d\u53ea\u6dfb\u52a0\u201ce\u201d\uff08\u6539\u52a8\u6700\u5c11\uff09\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u884c\u62fc\u5199\u66f4\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n
3.4\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u66f4\u6b63<\/h3>\n
\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u4e0a\u83b7\u53d6\u7684 HTML \u548c\u539f\u59cb\u6587\u672c\u53ea\u662f\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u8003\u8651\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u662f PDF \u6587\u6863\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u4ece PDF \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 PDF \u6587\u6863\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u5168\u90e8\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u56f0\u96be\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\u5168\u90e8\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6587\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u7b26\u5408\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6587\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6839\u636e\u62a5\u7eb8\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u65b0\u95fb\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7269\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u5e93\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece PDF \u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 PyPDF\u3001PDFMiner \u7b49\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd9\u79cd\u5e93\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406 PDF \u6587\u6863\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e93\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u7559\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u626b\u63cf\u6587\u6863\u3002\u4ece\u626b\u63cf\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Tesseract \u7b49\u5e93\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u5b57\u7b26\u8bc6\u522b\uff08optical character recognition, OCR\uff09\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 2-5 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u6458\u81ea 1950 \u5e74\u7684\u67d0\u671f\u520a\u6587\u7ae0\u7247\u6bb5\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/c29b6532585d9b45.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-5\uff1a\u626b\u63cf\u6587\u672c\u793a\u4f8b<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 Python \u5e93 pytesseract \u6765\u63d0\u53d6\u56fe\u7247\u6587\u672c\uff1a<\/p>\n
from PIL import Image\nfrom pytesseract import image_to_string\nfilename = "somefile.png"\ntext = image_to_string(Image.open(filename))\nprint(text)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8fd9\u6bb5\u4ee3\u7801\u5c06\u6253\u5370\u5982\u4e0b\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d
\\n<\/code> \u8868\u793a\u6362\u884c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n'in the nineteenth century the only Kind of linguistics considered\\nseriously\nwas this comparative and historical study of words in languages\\nknown or\nbelieved to Fe cognate\u2014say the Semitic languages, or the Indo-\\nEuropean\nlanguages. It is significant that the Germans who really made\\nthe subject what\nit was, used the term Indo-germanisch. Those who know\\nthe popular works of\nOtto Jespersen will remember how fitmly he\\ndeclares that linguistic\nscience is historical. And those who have noticed'<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cOCR \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cOCR \u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8fd9\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u539f\u59cb\u626b\u63cf\u4ef6\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u6e05\u6d17\u6587\u672c\uff1f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u5668\uff08\u5982 pyenchant\uff09\u68c0\u67e5\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u62fc\u5199\u9519\u8bef\u5e76\u63d0\u51fa\u66ff\u6362\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u8fd1\u4e9b\u5e74\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5219\u4f7f\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u67b6\u6784\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd \/ \u5b57\u7b26\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u6765\u6821\u6b63 OCR \u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56de\u5230\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u7684\u8bed\u97f3\u52a9\u624b\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u662f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\uff08automatic speech recognition, ASR\uff09\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u4e0e OCR \u4e00\u6837\uff0cASR \u4e2d\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u4e5f\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7531\u65b9\u8a00\u3001\u4fda\u8bed\u3001\u975e\u6bcd\u8bed\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u65b0\u8bcd\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\u672f\u8bed\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u9020\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9075\u5faa\u4e0a\u8ff0\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u5668\u6216\u795e\u7ecf\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6e05\u6d17\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u6e05\u6d17\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8d77\u5230\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u6e05\u6d17\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u5178\u578b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5e26\u6765\u6311\u6218\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
4.\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/h2>\n
\u5148\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u65e2\u7136\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u6e05\u6d17\uff0c\u90a3\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1f\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u5904\u7406\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u4eba\u7269\u9875\u9762\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u4f20\u8bb0\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6570\u636e\u83b7\u53d6\u4ece\u6293\u53d6\u9875\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6293\u53d6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u662f HTML \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u6837\u677f\u6587\u672c\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u9762\u677f\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u94fe\u63a5\uff09\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u6307\u5411\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u94fe\u63a5\uff08\u5728\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u6587\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u6b65\u9aa4\u5df2\u7ecf\u79fb\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u6240\u9700\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u7ea7\u522b\u4e0a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u81f3\u5c11\u9700\u8981\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u67d0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u8bcd\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u9700\u8981\u5220\u6389\uff1b\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u4e0d\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u9700\u8981\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5c0f\u5199\u3002\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u51b3\u5b9a\u90fd\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9884\u5907\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e38\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u5220\u9664\u3001\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u3001\u6570\u5b57 \/ \u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u5220\u9664\u3001\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\uff08Stop words\uff09\u662f\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u8d21\u732e\u8f83\u5c0f\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\u5728\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u65f6\u88ab\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6389\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3001\u63d0\u9ad8\u5904\u7406\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u96c6\u4e2d\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u5728\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u4e0a\u3002\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\u3001\u4ecb\u8bcd\u3001\u4ee3\u8bcd\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u65e0\u5b9e\u9645\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\n\n\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u5217\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u5e94\u7528\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u4efb\u52a1\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\uff1a\n\n1. **\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\uff08Conjunctions\uff09\uff1a** \u5982"and"\u3001"but"\u3001"or"\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8fde\u63a5\u8bcd\u8bed\u3001\u77ed\u8bed\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\n2. **\u4ecb\u8bcd\uff08Prepositions\uff09\uff1a** \u5982"in"\u3001"on"\u3001"at"\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u7a7a\u95f4\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\n3. **\u4ee3\u8bcd\uff08Pronouns\uff09\uff1a** \u5982"he"\u3001"she"\u3001"it"\u3001"they"\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u66ff\u4ee3\u540d\u8bcd\u3002\n4. **\u51a0\u8bcd\uff08Articles\uff09\uff1a** \u5982"a"\u3001"an"\u3001"the"\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u6027\u3002\n5. **\u52a9\u8bcd\uff08Auxiliary verbs\uff09\uff1a** \u5982"am"\u3001"is"\u3001"are"\u3001"was"\u3001"were"\u7b49\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u6210\u5404\u79cd\u65f6\u6001\u548c\u8bed\u6001\u3002\n6. **\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u8bcd\uff1a** \u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9ad8\u9891\u8bcd\u4e5f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u5bf9\u533a\u5206\u6587\u672c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4fe1\u606f\u8d21\u732e\u6709\u9650\u3002\n\n\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5904\u7406\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u79fb\u9664\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c0f\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u63d0\u9ad8\u540e\u7eed\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6548\u7387\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u5177\u4f53\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u8bed\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u6574\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u539f\u672c\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u8003\u8651\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u7684\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5176\u4ed6\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u68c0\u6d4b\u3001\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528\u3001\u97f3\u8bd1\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5904\u7406<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u3000\u3000\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u3001\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u3001\u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n
\u867d\u7136\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u90fd\u4f1a\u9075\u5faa\u4ee5\u4e0a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u6216\u591a\u6216\u5c11\u662f\u968f\u5904\u53ef\u89c1\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/p>\n
4.1\u9884\u5907\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5728\u5206\u6790\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u524d\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u8bcd\uff08\u8bcd\u7b26\uff0ctoken\uff09\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u53ef\u9760\u5730\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5207\u5206\u6210\u53e5\u5b50\uff08\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u6210\u8bcd\uff08\u5206\u8bcd\uff09\u3002\u4ece\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u770b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f3c\u4e4e\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4f46\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u7279\u6b8a\u5904\u7406\uff1f\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728\u53e5\u53f7\u548c\u95ee\u53f7\u51fa\u73b0\u65f6\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5207\u5206\u6210\u53e5\u5b50\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7f29\u5199\u3001\u79f0\u547c\uff08Dr.\u3001Mr. \u7b49\uff09\u6216\u8005\u82f1\u6587\u7701\u7565\u53f7\uff08...\uff09\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6253\u7834\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e78\u8fd0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e0d\u5fc5\u62c5\u5fc3\u5982\u4f55\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5e93\u662f\u201c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5de5\u5177\u5305\u201d\uff08Natural Language Tool Kit, NLTK\uff09\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4ee5\u672c\u7ae0\u7b2c\u4e00\u6bb5\u82f1\u6587\u539f\u6587\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 NLTK \u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize, word_tokenize\n\nmytext = \"In the previous chapter, we saw examples of some common NLP\napplications that we might encounter in everyday life. If we were asked to\nbuild such an application, think about how we would approach doing so at our\norganization. We would normally walk through the requirements and break the\nproblem down into several sub-problems, then try to develop a step-by-step\nprocedure to solve them. Since language processing is involved, we would also\nlist all the forms of text processing needed at each step. This step-by-step\nprocessing of text is known as pipeline. It is the series of steps involved in\nbuilding any NLP model. These steps are common in every NLP project, so it\nmakes sense to study them in this chapter. Understanding some common procedures\nin any NLP pipeline will enable us to get started on any NLP problem encountered\nin the workplace. Laying out and developing a text-processing pipeline is seen\nas a starting point for any NLP application development process. In this\nchapter, we will learn about the various steps involved and how they play\nimportant roles in solving the NLP problem and we\u2019ll see a few guidelines\nabout when and how to use which step. In later chapters, we\u2019ll discuss\nspecific pipelines for various NLP tasks (e.g., Chapters 4\u20137).\"\n\nmy_sentences = sent_tokenize(mytext)<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n- \n
\u5206\u8bcd<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e0e\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8981\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u6210\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5f00\u59cb\uff1a\u6839\u636e\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5207\u5206\u6210\u8bcd\u3002NLTK \u5e93\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4ecd\u7136\u4f7f\u7528\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
for sentence in my_sentences:\n print(sentence)\n print(word_tokenize(sentence))<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u6253\u5370\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
In the previous chapter, we saw a quick overview of what is NLP, what are some\nof the common applications and challenges in NLP, and an introduction to\ndifferent tasks in NLP.\n['In', 'the', 'previous', 'chapter', ',', 'we', 'saw', 'a', 'quick',\n'overview', 'of', 'what', 'is', 'NLP', ',', 'what', 'are', 'some', 'of', 'the',\n'common', 'applications', 'and', 'challenges', 'in', 'NLP', ',', 'and', 'an',\n'introduction', 'to', 'different', 'tasks', 'in', 'NLP', '.']<\/code><\/pre>\n\u867d\u7136\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u9644\u5e26\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u5668\uff0c\u4f46\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u591f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u201cMr. Jack O'Neil works at Melitas Marg, located at 245 Yonge Avenue, Austin, 70272\u201d\u3002\u4f7f\u7528 NLTK \u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u5206\u8bcd\u540e\uff0c\u201cO\u201d\u201c'\u201d\u548c\u201cNeil\u201d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u201cThere are $10,000 and \u20ac 1000 which are there just for testing a tokenizer\u201d\uff0c\u201c$\u201d\u548c\u201c10,000\u201d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u201c\u20ac1000\u201d\u88ab\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5bf9\u63a8\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u8bcd\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u4f1a\u5c06\u6807\u7b7e\u5207\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff1a\u201c#\u201d\u53f7\u548c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e13\u95e8\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u3002\u56de\u5230\u521a\u624d\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5728\u6267\u884c\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u6267\u884c\u5206\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0cNLTK \u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a8\u6587\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u8bb2\u8ff0\u5b83\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8bcd\u548c\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5207\u5206\u65b9\u6cd5\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u521d\u7ea7\u7684\u548c\u6613\u4e8e\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5207\u5206\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0a\u793a\u4f8b\u6240\u793a\u3002\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f NLTK \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ed3\u679c\u540c\u6837\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u628a\u5176\u4ed6\u5e93\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u7559\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u5206\u8bcd\u53ef\u80fd\u56e0\u9886\u57df\u800c\u5f02\uff0c\u5206\u8bcd\u4e5f\u4e25\u91cd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56fe 2-6 \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u201cN.Y.!\u201d\u5171\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0cN.Y. \u4ee3\u8868\u7ebd\u7ea6\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u201cN.Y.\u201d\u5e94\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0c\u4e0d\u5e94\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5207\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728 spaCy \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0cspaCy \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5904\u7406\u5177\u6709\u4e30\u5bcc\u5c48\u6298\u53d8\u5316\uff08\u524d\u7f00\u6216\u540e\u7f00\uff09\u548c\u590d\u6742\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/d999b6a402b04a66.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-6\uff1a\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u4e3a\u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u7684\u5206\u8bcd\u7684\u4f8b\u5916\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 spaCy \u7f51\u7ad9\u6587\u7ae0\u201cspaCy 101: Everything you need to know\u201d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e8b\u5b9e\u662f\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u5668\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u90fd\u4f1a\u5bf9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u654f\u611f\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u6c42\u804c\u4fe1\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u516c\u53f8\u3001\u804c\u4f4d\u548c\u85aa\u6c34\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6c42\u804c\u4fe1\u9075\u5faa\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6536\u4ef6\u4eba\u5730\u5740\u3001\u53d1\u4ef6\u4eba\u5730\u5740\u3001\u6587\u672b\u7b7e\u540d\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u5982\u4f55\u51b3\u5b9a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\uff1f\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u5730\u5740\u88ab\u5f53\u4f5c\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u53e5\u5b50\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u90fd\u5355\u72ec\u5207\u5206\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u60f3\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u5bf9\u6b64\u7c7b\u51b3\u7b56\u7684\u654f\u611f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65e5\u671f\u6216\u8d27\u5e01\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff09\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5b9e\u9645\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u9002\u5408\u6587\u672c\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u5668\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u4e2d\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u6216\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u5668\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
4.2\u5e38\u7528\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c06\u65b0\u95fb\u6587\u7ae0\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u6807\u8bc6\u4e3a\u653f\u6cbb\u3001\u4f53\u80b2\u3001\u5546\u4e1a\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u56db\u7c7b\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u5207\u5206\u5668\u548c\u5206\u8bcd\u5668\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5bf9\u5f00\u53d1\u5206\u7c7b\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u8bcd\uff0c\u5982 a\u3001an\u3001the\u3001of\u3001in \u7b49\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u6765\u8bf4\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u7279\u522b\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u672c\u8eab\u4e0d\u643a\u5e26\u4efb\u4f55\u542b\u4e49\u6765\u533a\u5206\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bcd\u53eb\u505c\u7528\u8bcd<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u901a\u5e38\uff08\u4f46\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\uff09\u9700\u8981\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5206\u6790\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u5217\u8868\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff08\u4f8b\u5982 NLTK \u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6b63\u5728\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201cnews\u201d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u573a\u666f\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u7684\u6c42\u804c\u4fe1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5927\u5199\u6216\u5c0f\u5199\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6587\u672c\u90fd\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5c0f\u5199\uff08\u6216\u8005\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c0f\u5199\u66f4\u5e38\u89c1\uff09\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5220\u9664\u6807\u70b9\u548c \/ \u6216\u6570\u5b57\u4e5f\u662f\u8bb8\u591a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff08\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\uff09\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\uff08\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\uff09\u548c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5206\u6790\uff08\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u5426\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5220\u9664\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6587\u672c\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\u7684\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3001\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5c0f\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n
from nltk.corpus import stopwords\nfrom string import punctuation\ndef preprocess_corpus(texts):\n mystopwords = set(stopwords.words("english"))\n def remove_stops_digits(tokens):\n return [token.lower() for token in tokens if token not in mystopwords and\n not token.isdigit() and token not in punctuation]\n return [remove_stops_digits(word_tokenize(text)) for text in texts]<\/code><\/pre>\n\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u56db\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5728\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u65e2\u4e0d\u662f\u5f3a\u5236\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u53ea\u662f\u7528\u4e8e\u8bf4\u660e\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u9488\u5bf9\u7684\u662f\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u6d89\u53ca\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u9664\u4e86\u9891\u7387\uff08\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u662f\u51fa\u73b0\u975e\u5e38\u9891\u7e41\u7684\u8bcd\uff09\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u5173\u6ce8\u4efb\u4f55\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5220\u9664\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u975e\u5b57\u6bcd\u6570\u636e\uff08\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u6570\u5b57\uff09\u3002\u5c06\u8bcd\u7ea7\u5c5e\u6027\u8003\u8651\u5728\u5185\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u5206\u522b\u662f\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u662f\u6307\u53bb\u6389\u540e\u7f00\u5e76\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8be5\u8bcd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u53d8\u4f53\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8868\u793a\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201ccar\u201d\u548c\u201ccars\u201d\u90fd\u88ab\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u201ccar\u201d\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5e94\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8be5\u8bcd\u4ee5\u201ces\u201d\u7ed3\u5c3e\uff0c\u5219\u5220\u9664\u201ces\u201d\uff09\u3002\u66f4\u591a\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u5982\u56fe 2-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u53ef\u80fd\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u5f97\u5230\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0a\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\uff0c\u4ee5\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u67e5\u8be2\u4e0e\u76f8\u5173\u6587\u6863\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u4e5f\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u7279\u5f81\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%8E%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E5%88%B0%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B52%EF%BC%9ANLP%E6%B5%81%E6%B0%B4%E7%BA%BF.assets\/27cb8952144e5363.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-7\uff1a\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 Devopedia \u7f51\u7ad9\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cLemmatization\u201d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528 NLTK Porter Stemmer \u8fd9\u79cd\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u7b97\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
from nltk.stem.porter import PorterStemmer\nstemmer = PorterStemmer()\nword1, word2 = "cars", "revolution"\nprint(stemmer.stem(word1), stemmer.stem(word2))<\/code><\/pre>\n\u8fd9\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u201ccars\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u5e72\u201ccar\u201d\uff0c\u201crevolution\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u5e72\u201crevolut\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u201crevolut\u201d\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u4e00\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a8\u5bfc\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5f62\u5f0f\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u548c\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f<\/strong>\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5176\u57fa\u672c\u8bcd\u6216\u8bcd\u5143<\/strong>\uff08lemma\uff09\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5f88\u63a5\u8fd1\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u201cbetter\u201d\u5728\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u540e\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u53d8\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u540e\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u53d8\u6210\u201cgood\u201d\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 2-7 \u6240\u793a\u3002\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u5f00\u53d1\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u5668\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9057\u7559\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86 NLTK \u4e2d\u57fa\u4e8e WordNet \u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u5668\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n
from nltk.stem import WordNetLemmatizer\nlemmatizer = WordNetLemmatizer()\nprint(lemmatizer.lemmatize("better", pos="a")) # a\u4ee3\u8868\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd<\/code><\/pre>\n\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u663e\u793a\u4e86 spaCy \u7684\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u5668\uff1a<\/p>\n
import spacy\nsp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm')\ntoken = sp(u'better')\nfor word in token:\n print(word.text, word.lemma_)<\/code><\/pre>\nNLTK \u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u201cgood\u201d\uff0c\u800c spaCy \u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u4e3a\u201cwell\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e24\u8005\u90fd\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u6bd4\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u8981\u82b1\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u7edd\u5bf9\u5fc5\u8981\u65f6\u624d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u5668\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u6839\u636e\u60c5\u51b5\u800c\u5b9a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9 NLTK \u6216 spaCy\u3002\u8fd9\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u540c\u4e00\u79cd\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8bb0\u4f4f\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u662f\u5fc5\u9700\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u90fd\u662f\u6309\u7167\u8fd9\u91cc\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5220\u9664\u6570\u5b57\u548c\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8c01\u5148\u5220\u9664\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u5173\u7d27\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u5c0f\u5199\u901a\u5e38\u5148\u4e8e\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u800c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u5148\u4e8e\u5220\u9664\u8bcd\u5143\u6216\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u8bcd\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u53c8\u8981\u6c42\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bcd\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u539f\u5c01\u4e0d\u52a8\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u5bf9\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u6570\u636e\u6709\u4e86\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u7f16\u5199\u4e00\u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fe 2-8 \u7b80\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u8fd9\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/cb45d2fd51a8c6ba.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-8\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u5757\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7edd\u4e0d\u662f\u8be6\u5c3d\u65e0\u9057\u7684\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
4.3\u5176\u4ed6\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4<\/h3>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u8bf4\u660e\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u5047\u8bbe\u5904\u7406\u7684\u662f\u666e\u901a\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u3002\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u60c5\u51b5\u5e76\u975e\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u90a3\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u53c8\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f\u4e0b\u9762\u7528\u51e0\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u7c7b\u573a\u666f\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5e16\u6587\u6765\u68c0\u6d4b\u65b0\u95fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u3002\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u62a5\u7eb8\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u62fc\u5199\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7f29\u5199\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u4e66\u5199\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5e26\u8fde\u5b57\u7b26\u548c\u4e0d\u5e26\u8fde\u5b57\u7b26\uff09\uff0c\u540d\u5b57\u6709\u65f6\u7528\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u4f53\u6355\u83b7\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u6587\u672c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u8868\u793a\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u6587\u672c\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5c0f\u5199\u6216\u5927\u5199\uff0c\u5c06\u6570\u5b57\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5c55\u5f00\u7f29\u5199\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002spaCy \u7684\u6e90\u4ee3\u7801\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5c06\u9884\u7f6e\u5355\u8bcd\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u62fc\u5199\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5355\u4e00\u62fc\u5199\u4e0a\u3002\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u6587\u672c\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u66f4\u591a\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u8bed\u8a00\u68c0\u6d4b<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5f88\u591a\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u7f51\u4e0a\u7684\u6240\u6709\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u5f53\u6d4f\u89c8\u5404\u4e2a\u7535\u5546\u7f51\u7ad9\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u722c\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u9875\u9762\u65f6\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u8bc4\u8bba\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u65e2\u7136\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u6784\u5efa\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u672c\u6765\u671f\u5f85\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Polyglot \u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u68c0\u6d4b\u3002\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u540e\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u53ef\u4ee5\u6cbf\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528\u548c\u97f3\u8bd1<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u573a\u666f\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u6bb5\u5185\u5bb9\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u8bb2\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5e16\u6587\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c11\u89c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u7bc7\u5e16\u6587\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u56fe 2-9 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5f0f\u82f1\u8bed\uff08\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u4fda\u8bed + \u82f1\u8bed\uff09\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"{%}\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/9310c731c975cef3.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-9\uff1a\u65b0\u52a0\u5761\u5f0f\u82f1\u8bed\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u77ed\u8bed\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6cf0\u7c73\u5c14\u6587\u3001\u82f1\u6587\u3001\u9a6c\u6765\u6587\u548c\u4e2d\u6587\u3002\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u79cd\u5728\u8bed\u8a00\u4e4b\u95f4\u5207\u6362\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u4e66\u9762\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7ecf\u5e38\u7528\u7f57\u9a6c\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u82f1\u8bed\u62fc\u5199\u6765\u8f93\u5165\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u88ab\u5199\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u97f3\u8bd1<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u73b0\u8c61\u5728\u591a\u8bed\u8a00\u793e\u533a\u4e2d\u90fd\u5f88\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5728\u6587\u672c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u52a0\u4ee5\u5904\u7406\u3002\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u66f4\u591a\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5e76\u7ed9\u51fa\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u5bf9\u5e38\u89c1\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u5230\u6b64\u7ed3\u675f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8be6\u5c3d\u65e0\u9057\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u5b83\u80fd\u8ba9\u4f60\u660e\u767d\u4e0d\u540c\u6027\u8d28\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n
4.4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n
\u5047\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u9700\u8981\u5f00\u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u516c\u53f8 100 \u4e07\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u7684\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u524d\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c31\u65e0\u80fd\u4e3a\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u8bc6\u522b\u540d\u79f0\u9700\u8981\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bcd\u6027\u662f\u4e13\u6709\u540d\u8bcd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u9636\u6bb5\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\uff1f\u672c\u4e66\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u5668\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\uff08\u8be6\u89c1 Daniel Jurafsky \u548c James H. Martin \u7684\u8457\u4f5c Speech and Language Processing (3rd ed. draft)<\/em> \u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\uff09\u3002\u9884\u5148\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u5668\u5df2\u5728 NLTK\u3001spaCy\u3001Parsey McParseface Tagger \u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u4e2d\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u5fc5\u5f00\u53d1\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u7f6e\u5728 spaCy \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u9884\u5904\u7406\u51fd\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n
import spacy\nnlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm')\ndoc = nlp(u'Charles Spencer Chaplin was born on 16 April 1889 toHannah Chaplin (born Hannah Harriet Pedlingham Hill) and Charles Chaplin Sr')\nfor token in doc:\n print(token.text, token.lemma_, token.pos_, token.shape_, token.is_alpha, token.is_stop)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u3001\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u51e0\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4ee3\u7801\u7247\u6bb5\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7559\u7ed9\u8bfb\u8005\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5e93\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u548c\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u6700\u7ec8\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u4e00\u4e2a\uff08\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\uff09\u5e93\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u89c2\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
\u73b0\u5728\u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0d\u5fae\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u5728\u516c\u53f8\u7684 100 \u4e07\u4efd\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u8bc6\u522b\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u79f0\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u662f\u5426\u5177\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u5173\u7cfb [ \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8428\u8482\u4e9a\u2022\u7eb3\u5fb7\u62c9\u548c\u5fae\u8f6f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u201c\u9996\u5e2d\u6267\u884c\u5b98\u201d\uff08CEO\uff09]\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u63d0\u53d6<\/strong>\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u73b0\u5728\u5148\u60f3\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u9700\u8981\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u3002\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u628a\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u6dfb\u52a0\u5230\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u3002\u5176\u6b21\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u8bc6\u522b\u4eba\u5458\u548c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong>\uff08named entity recognition, NER\uff09\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u5173\u7cfb\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u53e5\u5b50\u6709\u67d0\u79cd\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u8c08\u5230\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u94fe\u63a5\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u63d0\u53ca\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8428\u8482\u4e9a\u2022\u7eb3\u5fb7\u62c9\u3001\u7eb3\u5fb7\u62c9\u5148\u751f\u3001\u4ed6\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3<\/strong>\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u7684 1.5 \u8282\u4e2d\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u56fe 2-10 \u663e\u793a\u4e86 Stanford CoreNLP \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u793a\u4f8b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u9762\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fc7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/3c3c4fec5512b257.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-10\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u8f93\u51fa<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u672c\u8282\u5c55\u793a\u7684\u662f\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728\u5404\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e93\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5148\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u989d\u5916\u7684\u3001\u5b9a\u5236\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a\u6316\u6398\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u4ece Twitter \u4e0a\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u540e\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u6709\u4e9b\u63a8\u6587\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u82f1\u8bed\u5199\u7684\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u524d\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u8a00\u68c0\u6d4b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u54ea\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u8fd8\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u8bc6\u522b\u5f71\u8bc4\u4eba\u5728\u5f71\u8bc4\u4e2d\u8868\u8fbe\u5bf9\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u60c5\u611f\u6216\u8d1f\u5411\u60c5\u611f\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u592a\u62c5\u5fc3\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u6216\u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u8003\u8651\u53bb\u6389\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3001\u5c0f\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u548c\u53bb\u6389\u6570\u5b57\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bf9\u4ece\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u65e5\u5386\u4e8b\u4ef6\u611f\u5174\u8da3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u4e0d\u8981\u5220\u9664\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u6216\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u53e5\u6cd5\u89e3\u6790\u7b49\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9e\u4f53\u548c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e8b\u4ef6\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u9700\u8981\u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3\uff0c\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u3002\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u5c55\u793a\u9700\u8981\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u8003\u8651\u6bcf\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u9884\u5904\u7406\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 2-11 \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86%E5%AE%9E%E6%88%98%EF%BC%9A%E4%BB%8E%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E5%88%B0%E9%A1%B9%E7%9B%AE%E5%AE%9E%E8%B7%B52%EF%BC%9ANLP%E6%B5%81%E6%B0%B4%E7%BA%BF.assets\/982f0ff88e90a7a3.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-11\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u5757\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u524d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5148\u53bb\u6389\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3001\u8f6c\u6362\u5c0f\u5199\u7b49\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4f1a\u6539\u53d8\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u5668\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u5982\u4f55\u5e2e\u52a9\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6765\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u4f1a\u518d\u6b21\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u66f4\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
5.\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b<\/h2>\n
\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u540e\u9762\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u6267\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u6b65\u9aa4\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5c06\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6587\u672c\u9988\u9001\u5230\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e2d\u3002\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b<\/strong>\u662f\u6307\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u9879\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e00\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u6355\u6349\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u672c\u8868\u793a\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u8fd8\u5c06\u5728\u901a\u8fc7\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u548c\u8fed\u4ee3\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7279\u5f81\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff1a(1) \u7ecf\u5178\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u548c\u4f20\u7edf\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff1b(2) \u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u56fe 2-12\uff08\u6539\u7f16\u81ea Parsa Ghaffari \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cLeveraging Deep Learning for Multilingual Sentiment Analysis\u201d\uff09\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u533a\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"img\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/eb880ff408effa3a.jpg\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-12\uff1a\u7ecf\u5178\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e0e\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n
5.1\u7ecf\u5178\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\/\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/h3>\n
\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u5728\u4efb\u4f55\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u5c06\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u7ecf\u5178\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f6c\u6362\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u7f16\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u624b\u5934\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8003\u8651\u7535\u5546\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5982\u4f55\u5c06\u8bc4\u8bba\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6570\u503c\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u9884\u6d4b\u8bc4\u8bba\u7684\u60c5\u611f\uff08\u6b63\u5411\u6216\u8d1f\u5411\uff09\uff1f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e2d\u6b63\u5411\u548c\u8d1f\u5411\u8bcd\u7684\u6570\u91cf<\/strong>\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u7edf\u8ba1\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u67d0\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u662f\u5426\u5bf9\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u7528\uff0c\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6784\u5efa\u7ecf\u5178\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u542f\u793a\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9700\u8981\u624b\u5934\u4efb\u52a1\u548c\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5f71\u8bc4\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u611f\u8bcd\u6c47\uff09\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u786e\u91cf\u5316\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n
5.2\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/h3>\n
\u7ecf\u5178\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u4eba\u5de5\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u566a\u58f0\u6216\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ed9\u6570\u636e\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u968f\u673a\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6f5c\u5728\u5730\u635f\u5bb3\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u51fa\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\uff0c\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u8f93\u5165\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u201c\u5b66\u4e60\u201d\u7279\u5f81<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u4e0e\u624b\u5934\u4efb\u52a1\u66f4\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6a21\u578b\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u3002\u5f88\u96be\u89e3\u91ca\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u4e1a\u52a1\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u7528\u4f8b\u4e2d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f3a\u70b9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5f53\u628a\u4e00\u5c01\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u6b63\u5e38\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6216\u77ed\u8bed\u5728\u9020\u6210\u6b63\u5e38\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4e86\u91cd\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4eba\u5de5\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u8bf4\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u4e66\u4f1a\u4ee5\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3a\u80cc\u666f\u6765\u8ba8\u8bba\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u5bf9\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u7684\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u89e3\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u5efa\u6a21<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n
6.\u5efa\u6a21<\/h2>\n
\u5047\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e5f\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u77e5\u9053\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u53ca\u9700\u8981\u63d0\u53d6\u54ea\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f53\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6709\u9650\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u968f\u7740\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u63a8\u79fb\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6570\u636e\u7684\u589e\u52a0\u548c\u5bf9\u95ee\u9898\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u52a0\u6df1\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u589e\u52a0\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
6.1\u4ece\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u5f00\u59cb<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6700\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u6325\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u539f\u56e0\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6570\u636e\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5f00\u7aef\u3002\u6709\u65f6\uff0c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u9690\u5f0f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u663e\u5f0f\u2014\u2014\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u662f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e13\u53d1\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u57df\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6765\u81ea\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57df\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u628a\u6781\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u8868\u793a\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u8bcd\u52a0\u5165\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u79cd\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u8d2d\u4e70\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\uff0c\u6765\u5bf9\u641c\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u663e\u793a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u540c\u4e00\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u63a8\u8350\u3002\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u534f\u540c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6839\u636e\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u4f3c\u8d2d\u4e70\u4e60\u60ef\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u6240\u8d2d\u4e70\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5176\u4ed6\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u63a8\u8350\u4ea7\u54c1\u3002<\/p>\n
\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u5f15\u5165\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u3002\u8003\u8651\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u65e5\u671f\u3001 \u7535\u8bdd\u3001\u4eba\u540d\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3001\u65e5\u671f\u548c\u7535\u8bdd\u53f7\u7801\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u666e\u901a \uff08\u4f46\u4e5f\u590d\u6742\uff09\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u63d0\u53d6\uff0c\u4f46 Stanford NLP \u7684 TokensRegex \u548c spaCy \u7684\u201c\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219 \u7684\u5339\u914d\u5668\u201d\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9a\u4e49\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6355\u83b7\u4eba\u540d\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u56fe 2-13 \u663e \u793a\u4e86 spaCy \u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5668\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"image-20240117151859388\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20240117151859388.png\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-13\uff1aspaCy \u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u5339\u914d\u5668<\/strong> <\/p>\n
\u8be5\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c06\u67e5\u627e\u5305\u542b\u8bcd\u5143\u4e3a\u201cmatch\u201d\uff08\u4e14\u4e3a\u540d\u8bcd\u5f62\u5f0f\uff09\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8be5\u8bcd\u524d\u9762\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u540e\u9762\u5fc5\u987b\u8ddf\u7740\u8bcd\u5143\u4e3a\u201cbe\u201d\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u672c \u7ae0\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5927\u91cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u5219 \/ \u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6765\u7f16\u7801\u8fd9\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a \u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6765\u5904\u7406\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6a21\u578b\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u597d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u56e0 \u6b64\uff0c\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u8d77\u70b9\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u662f\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002 \u5047\u8bbe\u73b0\u5728\u5df2\u7ecf\u6784\u5efa\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5e94\u8be5\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n
6.2\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n
\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u7ec4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u597d\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u968f\u7740\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6210\u719f\uff0c\u6dfb\u52a0\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u65b0\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u7684\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5f88\u96be\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u8bca\u65ad\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u96be\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u5728\u6210\u719f\u65f6\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u6570\u636e\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5f00\u59cb\u6218\u80dc\u7eaf\u7cb9\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u5c06\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u76f4\u63a5\u6216\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002 <\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u521b\u5efa\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7279\u5f81 <\/p>\n
\u5f53\u5b58\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5355\u4e2a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7ec4\u5408\u884c\u4e3a\u5728\u9884\u6d4b\u6548\u679c \u65b9\u9762\u662f\u6a21\u7cca\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7279\u5f81\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5783\u573e \u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u793a\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5411\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u9ed1\u540d\u5355\u4e2d\u7684\u8bcd\u51fa \u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u6216\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5f39\u56de\u7387\u3002 <\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u5bf9\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406 <\/p>\n
\u5982\u679c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7387\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u5728\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u8f93\u5165\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u5b83\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u4e9b\u8bcd\u53ef\u4ee5 99% \u5730\u5224\u5b9a\u8fd9\u662f\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d \u5c06\u8be5\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u76f4\u63a5\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u670d\u52a1\u63d0\u4f9b\u5546\u2014\u2014\u5982\u8c37\u6b4c\u4e91\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a Comprehend\u3001\u5fae\u8f6f Azure \u8ba4\u77e5\u670d\u52a1\u3001 IBM \u6c83\u68ee\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u2014\u2014\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u73b0\u6210\u7684 API \u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531 API \u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e0d\u59a8\u4f7f\u7528 API \u6765\u4f30\u8ba1\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027 \u4ee5\u53ca\u73b0\u6709\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u786e\u4fe1\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5c31 \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u5b8c\u5584\u3002<\/p>\n
6.3\u6784\u5efa\u6700\u7ec8\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n
\u524d\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6216\u73b0\u6709 API\uff0c\u6291\u6216\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136 \u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4ece\u57fa\u7ebf\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f00\u59cb\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e0d\u65ad\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u591a\u6b21\u8fed\u4ee3\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u5177 \u6709\u826f\u597d\u6027\u80fd\u5e76\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u201c\u6700\u7ec8\u6a21\u578b\u201d\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
- \n
- \n
\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u7f16\u6392<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7ec4\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e94\u5bf9\u9884 \u6d4b\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u4e00\u662f\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93 \u5165\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u987a\u5e8f\u5730\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u5165\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5e76\u83b7\u5f97\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u53eb\u6a21\u578b\u7f16\u6392 1\u3002\u5176\u4e8c \u662f\u5c06\u591a\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u7ed3\u679c\u6c47\u96c6\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5e76\u505a\u51fa\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8fd9\u53eb\u6a21\u578b\u96c6\u6210\u3002\u56fe 2-14 \u5c55\u793a \u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u56fe 2-14 \u4e2d\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u7528\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b 1\u30012 \u548c 3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5408\u5e76\u540e\u8fdb\u5165\u5143\u6a21\u578b \uff08\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u6700\u7ec8\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u6848\u4f8b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd0\u884c\u4e86\u4e09\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c \u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u8bc4\u5206\u6a21\u578b\u3001\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6a21\u578b\u548c LSTM \u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u968f\u540e\u4f1a\u8f93\u5165\u57fa\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7531\u5143\u6a21\u578b\u7ed9\u51fa\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u6982 \u7387\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4ea7\u54c1\u7279\u5f81\u7684\u589e\u591a\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u4e5f\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7ec4\u5408\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1 \u5f0f\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u7f16\u6392\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u5230\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4e2d\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"image-20240117152503942\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20240117152503942.png\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-14\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u96c6\u6210\u4e0e\u7f16\u6392<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b<\/p>\n
\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e API \u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7279\u5f81\u5de5 \u7a0b\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684 \u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5f81\u9009\u62e9\u6765\u627e\u5230\u8f83\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5982\u4f55\u8fed\u4ee3\u7279\u5f81\u5de5 \u7a0b\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u6700\u4f73\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u7f16\u6392\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u754c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u6b63\u5728\u6d41\u884c\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66 \u4e60\uff0c\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fc7\u3002\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5916\u90e8\u77e5 \u8bc6\u3002\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u8bd5\u56fe\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u5c06\u5148\u524d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ece\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u5927\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u65b0\u7684\u6a21\u578b \u4e2d\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u6162\u6162\u9002\u5e94\u624b\u5934\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u8001\u5e08\u628a\u667a\u6167\u548c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u6388\u7ed9\u5b66\u751f\u3002\u8fc1 \u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5f53\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8f83\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u6bd4\u76f4\u63a5\u968f\u673a\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5 \u4f7f\u7528 BERT \u6765\u5fae\u8c03\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u3002\u7b2c 4~6 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba BERT\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
- \n
\u518d\u6b21\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f<\/p>\n
\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u975e\u5b8c\u7f8e\u65e0\u7f3a\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u4f1a\u51fa\u9519\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u5efa\u6a21\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u518d\u6765 \u770b\u4e00\u770b\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u7ea0\u6b63\u9519\u8bef\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u8fd8\u53ef \u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u6cd5\u4ece\u6570\u636e\u4e2d\u6355\u6349\u7684\u7279\u5b9a\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u8868\u6f14\u60ca\u4eba\u6280 \u5de7\u7684\u7a7a\u4e2d\u98de\u4eba\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u5c31\u662f\u5b89\u5168\u7f51\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u8868\u6f14\u8005\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4ece\u7a7a\u4e2d\u6389\u4e0b\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u4ece\u5b8c\u5168\u4f9d\u8d56\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u65e0\u6570\u636e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5efa\u6a21\u6280\u672f\u7684\u591a\u6570\u636e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f1a\u9047\u5230 \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a\u62e5\u6709\u5c11\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u53c8\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u8db3\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u597d\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u573a\u666f \u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u4ee5\u9075\u5faa\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4e3b\u52a8\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5373\u5229\u7528\u7528\u6237\u53cd\u9988\u6216\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u4f3c\u6765\u6e90\u4e0d\u65ad\u6536\u96c6\u65b0\u7684\u6570 \u636e\uff0c\u4ee5\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u521a\u624d\u6240\u770b\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u5efa\u6a21\u7b56\u7565\u5728\u5f88\u5927 \u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u624b\u5934\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002\u8868 2-1 \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u6570\u636e\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8def\u5f84\u3002<\/p>\n
\u88682-1\uff1a\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u6570\u636e\u7279\u70b9<\/th>\n \u51b3\u7b56\u8def\u5f84<\/th>\n \u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5927<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u591a\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002 \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u96c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6570\u636e\u8db3\u591f \u5927\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u6280\u672f<\/td>\n \u5982\u679c\u62e5\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u8bc4\u8bba\u548c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5143\u6570 \u636e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u6784\u5efa\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u5de5\u5177<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u91cf\u5c0f<\/td>\n \u9700\u8981\u4ece\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9 \u6848\u6216\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5f00\u59cb\u3002\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5 \u4f7f\u7528\u4e91 API \u5e76\u5728\u5f31\u76d1\u7763\u4e0b\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u6570\u636e \u5982\u679c\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 \u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60<\/td>\n \u8fd9\u901a\u5e38\u53d1\u751f\u5728\u5168\u65b0\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u5dee\uff0c\u6570\u636e \u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u4e25\u91cd<\/td>\n \u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6e05\u6d17\u548c\u9884\u5904\u7406<\/td>\n \u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u8bed\u7801\u6df7\u7528\uff08\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u5728\u540c\u4e00 \u4e2a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u6df7\u7528\uff09\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u97f3\u8bd1\u6216 \u566a\u58f0\uff08\u5982\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6587\u672c\uff09\u7b49\u95ee\u9898<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u8d28\u91cf\u826f\u597d<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u5730\u76f4\u63a5\u5e94\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u4e91 API<\/td>\n \u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u672c\u6216\u62a5\u7eb8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u6570\u636e\u7531\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u6574\u957f \u5ea6\u7684\u6587\u6863\u7ec4\u6210<\/td>\n \u6839\u636e\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9009\u62e9\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5c06\u6587\u6863\u5207 \u5206\u6210\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u5c42\u6b21\uff0c\u5982\u6bb5\u843d\u3001\u53e5\u5b50\u6216\u77ed\u8bed<\/td>\n \u6587\u6863\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u8bc4\u8bba\u5206\u6790\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u4ee5\u4e0a\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5efa\u6a21\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5982\u4f55\u6839\u636e\u6240\u62e5\u6709\u7684\u6570\u636e \u9009\u62e9\u5efa\u6a21\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u65f6\uff0c\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u662f\u6700\u5e38 \u89c1\u7684\u5efa\u6a21\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u5206\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u7b2c 5~7 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u5e94\u7528\u573a \u666f\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6765\u770b\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\uff1a\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002<\/p>\n
7.\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h2>\n
\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u952e\u6b65\u9aa4\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u542b\u4e49\uff0c\u4f46 \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u662f\u7528\u65b0\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6210\u529f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a(1) \u4f7f\u7528 \u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\uff1b(2) \u9075\u5faa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5148\u5173\u6ce8\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1 \u6216\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u6839\u636e\u4e0d\u540c\u9636\u6bb5\u800c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u540c\uff1a\u6a21 \u578b\u6784\u5efa\u3001\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u751f\u4ea7\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u5728\u524d\u4e24\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u6807\u6765\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u9636 \u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u4e1a\u52a1\u5f71\u54cd\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u8fd8\u5206\u6210\u4e24\u79cd\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u800c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4 \u4f30\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u3002\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u6807\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u7387<\/strong>\u548c\u53ec\u56de\u7387<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c \u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u5219\u662f\u201c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u4e0a\u82b1\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u201d\u3002\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong>\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u548c\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u6765 \u8861\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5916\u90e8\u8bc4\u4f30<\/strong>\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u7528\u6237\u56e0\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u672a\u88ab\u68c0\u6d4b\u51fa\u6765\u6216\u666e\u901a\u90ae\u4ef6\u88ab\u8bef\u68c0\u6d4b \u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u800c\u6d6a\u8d39\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n
7.1\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n
\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u63a2\u8ba8\u8861\u91cf\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6307\u6807\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u6216\u6807\u7b7e\uff08\u5373\u4eba\u7c7b\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6807\u7b7e\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6587 \u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a 0\/1\uff09\u3001\u4e00\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff09\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5927\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u672c\u8eab\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u673a \u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff09\u3002\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u5bf9\u5e94\u6807\u7b7e\u8fdb\u884c\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6839\u636e\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5339\u914d\uff08\u6216\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff09\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u6307\u6807\u8ba1\u7b97\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406 \u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6216\u6458 \u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0d\u80fd\u50cf\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e00\u6837\u505a\u51fa\u4e3b\u89c2\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002 \u8868 2-2 \u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u6709\u5173\u6307\u6807\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c \u8bf7\u53c2\u9605\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n
\u88682-2\uff1a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u548c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u6307\u6807<\/th>\n \u63cf\u8ff0<\/th>\n \u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \u51c6\u786e\u7387<\/td>\n \u5f53\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u5206\u7c7b\u53d8\u91cf\u6216\u79bb\u6563\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002 \u5b83\u8868\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/strong>\u4e0e\u5b83\u6240\u505a\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u603b\u6570<\/strong>\u7684\u6bd4\u7387<\/td>\n \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u7c7b\uff08\u591a\u5206\u7c7b\uff09\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u63a8\u7406\uff08\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\uff09\u3001\u91ca\u4e49\u68c0\u6d4b\uff08\u4e8c\u5206\u7c7b\uff09\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u7cbe\u786e\u7387<\/td>\n \u663e\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u9884\u6d4b\u6709\u591a\u7cbe\u786e\uff0c\u5373\u7ed9\u5b9a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6b63\u4f8b\uff08\u6240\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\uff09\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u6b63\u786e\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u6709\u591a\u5c11<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6b63\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef \u6bd4\u8d1f\u7c7b\u9519\u8bef\u4ee3\u4ef7\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u4e2d\u7684\u75be\u75c5\u9884\u6d4b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u53ec\u56de\u7387<\/td>\n \u53ec\u56de\u7387\u662f\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u7684\u8865\u5145\u3002\u5b83\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u6b63\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u53ec\u56de\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5373\u8003\u8651\u5230\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u6240\u6709\u6b63\u7c7b\u522b\u9884\u6d4b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u6b63\u7c7b\u522b<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u68c0\u7d22\u6b63\u7c7b\u522b\u7ed3 \u679c\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u641c \u7d22\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n F1 \u5206\u6570<\/td>\n \u7ed3\u5408\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u548c\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u8861\u91cf \u6307\u6807\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6355\u6349\u4e86\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u548c\u53ec\u56de\u7387\uff0c\u5373\u5b8c\u6574 \u6027\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6743\u8861 F1 \u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a (2\u00d7 \u7cbe\u786e\u7387 \u00d7 \u53ec\u56de\u7387 )\/( \u7cbe\u786e\u7387 + \u53ec\u56de\u7387 )<\/td>\n \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u4e0e\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u540c\u65f6\u4f7f \u7528\u3002\u5b83\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u6807\u6ce8\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982 \u5b9e\u4f53\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u68c0\u7d22\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n ROC \u66f2\u7ebf\u4e0b\u9762\u79ef<\/td>\n \u6355\u83b7\u5f53\u6539\u53d8\u9884\u6d4b\u9608\u503c\u65f6\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6b63\u9884\u6d4b\u6570\u4e0e \u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u6b63\u9884\u6d4b\u6570\u4e4b\u6bd4<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u9884\u6d4b\u9608\u503c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 \u7528\u4e8e\u5bfb\u627e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9884\u6d4b\u9608\u503c<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n MRR\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u6392\u5e8f\u5012\u6570\uff09<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5176\u6b63\u786e\u6027\u6982\u7387\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8bc4\u4f30\u68c0\u7d22 \u5230\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u68c0\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u6392\u5e8f\u5012\u6570\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/td>\n \u5927\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6587 \u7ae0\u641c\u7d22\u3001\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u641c\u7d22\u7b49<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n MAP\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5747\u503c\uff09<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u68c0\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u5982 MRR\u3002\u5b83\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a \u68c0\u7d22\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u7cbe\u5ea6<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\u4efb\u52a1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n RMSE\uff08\u5747\u65b9\u6839\u8bef\u5dee\uff09<\/td>\n \u6355\u83b7\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u503c\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u8ba1\u7b97 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u7684\u5747\u65b9\u6839\u8bef\u5dee<\/td>\n \u4e0e MAPE \u4e00\u8d77\u7528\u4e8e\u56de\u5f52\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u6e29\u5ea6\u9884\u6d4b\u548c\u80a1\u4ef7\u9884\u6d4b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n MAPE\uff08\u5e73\u5747\u7edd\u5bf9\u767e\u5206 \u6bd4\u8bef\u5dee\uff09<\/td>\n \u5f53\u8f93\u51fa\u53d8\u91cf\u4e3a\u8fde\u7eed\u53d8\u91cf\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570 \u636e\u70b9\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8bef\u5dee\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0e\u5747\u65b9\u6839\u8bef\u5dee\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n BLEU\uff08\u53cc\u8bed\u8bc4\u4f30\u8f85\u52a9 \u6307\u6807\uff09<\/td>\n \u6355\u83b7\u8f93\u51fa\u8bed\u53e5\u548c\u53c2\u8003\u8bed\u53e5\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684 n-gram \u91cd \u53e0\u5ea6\u3002\u5b83\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u53d8\u4f53<\/td>\n \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\u9002\u5e94\u4e8e \u5176\u4ed6\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u91ca\u4e49\u751f\u6210\u548c\u6587 \u672c\u6458\u8981<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n METEOR<\/td>\n \u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u7684 \u8d28\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u4fee\u590d\u4e86 BLEU \u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 \u8ba1\u7b97\u7cbe\u5ea6\u65f6\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u8bcd\u5339\u914d\u3002METEOR \u5141\u8bb8\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u548c\u8bcd\u5e72\u4e0e\u53c2\u8003\u8bcd\u5339\u914d<\/td>\n \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n ROUGE<\/td>\n \u8fd8\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e8e\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002 \u548c BLEU \u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u53ec\u56de\u7387<\/td>\n \u56e0\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u7684\u662f\u53ec\u56de\u7387\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e \u6458\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u5728\u6458\u8981\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e00\u4e2a \u6a21\u578b\u80fd\u53ec\u56de\u591a\u5c11\u8bcd\u5f88\u91cd\u8981<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6<\/td>\n \u6355\u6349\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u6df7\u4e71\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6982\u7387\u6307 \u6807\u3002\u5b83\u6e90\u4e8e\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u9884\u6d4b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u71b5<\/td>\n \u7528\u4e8e\u8bc4\u4f30\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u751f \u6210\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u5bf9\u8bdd\u751f\u6210<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u9664\u4e86\u8868 2-2 \u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6307\u6807\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6307\u6807\u548c\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee \u9898\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u9f13\u52b1\u4f60\u6839\u636e\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\u3002\u5b83\u5141\u8bb8\u6211\u4eec\u68c0\u67e5\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e2d\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b \u522b\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u8f93\u51fa\u548c\u9884\u6d4b\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\u6e90\u4e8e\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5373\u5b83\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u5206\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bc6\u522b \u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u201c\u6df7\u6dc6\u201d\u7a0b\u5ea6\u3002\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u3001\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u3001F1 \u5206\u6570\u548c\u51c6\u786e\u7387 \u7b49\u6307\u6807\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u5c06\u5c55\u793a\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6df7\u6dc6\u77e9\u9635\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u50cf\u4fe1\u606f\u641c\u7d22\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6392\u5e8f\u4efb\u52a1\u4e3b\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u57fa\u4e8e\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5982 MRR \u548c MAP<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5728\u68c0\u7d22\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5173\u5fc3\u7684\u662f\u53ec\u56de\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4f1a\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u540c\u6392\u5e8f\u4e0b\u7684\u53ec \u56de\u7387\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u68c0\u7d22\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6307\u6807\u662f\u201c\u6392\u540d\u524d K \u4f4d\u7684\u53ec\u56de\u7387\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u68c0\u7d22\u5230 \u7684\u524d K \u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u5bfb\u627e\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u662f\u5426\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u8868\u793a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u5f53\u6d89\u53ca\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u591a\u79cd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1 BLEU \u548c METEOR \u5bf9\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c06\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u751f\u6210\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u5408 \u9002\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6210\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u53ea\u662f\u6b63\u786e\u7b54\u6848\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56de\u7b54\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1 \u6709\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cBLEU \u548c METEOR \u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e\u7cbe\u786e\u7387\u7684\u6307\u6807\u5c06\u5b8c\u5168\u65e0\u6cd5\u5fe0\u5b9e\u5730\u8861 \u91cf\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u56f0\u60d1\u5ea6<\/strong>\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u610f\u601d\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a \u4e2a\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\u90fd\u5217\u4e3a\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c\u548c\u771f\u5b9e\u503c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c \u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\u53d8\u5f97\u5f88\u96be\u3002\u4ee5\u6cd5\u82f1\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6a21\u578b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8003\u8651 \u4e0b\u9762\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u201cJ\u2019ai mang\u00e9 trois filberts\u201d\u3002\u5728\u82f1\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u201cI ate three filberts\u201d\uff08\u6211\u5403\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u699b\u5b50\uff09\u3002 \u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u628a\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u6a21\u578b\u751f\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u82f1\u6587\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u201cI ate three hazelnuts\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0e\u6807\u7b7e\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4f30\u662f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8bf4\u82f1\u8bed\u7684\u4eba \u7ecf\u5e38\u4f1a\u628a filberts \u79f0\u4e3a hazelnuts\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u6dfb\u52a0\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u751f\u6210 \u201cI have eaten three hazelnuts\u201d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u518d\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc4\u4f30\u4f1a\u8bf4\u6a21\u578b\u641e\u9519\u4e86\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u4eba\u5de5\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u4eba\u5de5\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6210 \u672c\u548c\u91d1\u94b1\u6210\u672c\u90fd\u5f88\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n
7.2\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30<\/h3>\n
\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4fa7\u91cd\u4e8e\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u76ee\u6807\u4e0a\u8bc4\u4f30\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6784\u5efa\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u5546\u4e1a\u95ee\u9898\u4e3a\u76ee\u7684\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5bf9\u7528\u6237\u7684\u7535 \u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u653e\u5728\u6536\u4ef6\u7bb1\u7684\u9876\u90e8\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7528\u6237\u8282\u7701\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u8003\u8651\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u4e2a\u573a\u666f\uff1a\u56de\u5f52\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6307\u6807\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u4e3a\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7528\u6237\u8282\u7701\u5927\u91cf\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u6216\u8005\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5185\u5728\u6307\u6807\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u5f97\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u51b3\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u4e0d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4eec\u6ca1\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u5546\u4e1a\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e1a\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u8fdb\u884c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u4ee5\u53ca\u6b63\u786e\u8861\u91cf\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u7ed9\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u4e1a\u52a1\u6307\u6807\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u95ee\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fd8\u8981\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e4b\u524d\u8fdb\u884c\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u662f\uff0c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u56e2\u961f\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5e72\u7cfb\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u5305\u62ec\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u56e2\u961f\u81ea\u5df1\u5b8c\u6210\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u6bd4\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u66f4\u52a0\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u88ab\u770b\u4f5c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u53d6\u5f97\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u597d\u7ed3\u679c \u65f6\uff0c\u624d\u5e94\u8be5\u8fdb\u884c\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u4ef6\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\uff0c\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u574f\u7ed3\u679c\u5f80\u5f80\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u7684\u574f\u7ed3\u679c<\/strong>\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u672a\u5fc5\u4f1a\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u597d\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5dee\u7684\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u597d\u7684\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u5dee\u7684\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u3002\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u6307\u6807\u3001\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6216\u62e5\u6709\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u671f\u671b\u3002\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u8c08\u5230\u4e86\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0 \u4f1a\u6709\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002 <\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5185\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u901a\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5916\u5728\u8bc4\u4f30\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8861\u91cf\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u5e76\u975e\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u90fd\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765 \u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u5177\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65f6\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5269\u4f59\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff1a \u6a21\u578b\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
8.\u5efa\u6a21\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9636\u6bb5<\/h2>\n
\u6a21\u578b\u7ecf\u8fc7\u53cd\u590d\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u8fdb\u5165\u5efa\u6a21\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u6a21\u578b\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u672c\u8282\u5c06\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
8.1\u90e8\u7f72<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u53ea\u662f\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c5e\u4e8e\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff09\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5904\u7406\u3001\u5efa\u6a21\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u53ea\u662f\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002 \u4e00\u65e6\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u611f\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u90e8\u7f72\u5230\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5c06\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u63d2\u5165\u5927\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u3002\u90e8\u7f72\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u8f93\u51fa\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u662f\u6709\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u786e\u4fdd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u5728\u9ad8\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u901a\u5e38\u90e8\u7f72\u4e3a Web \u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5047\u5982\u73b0\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a Web \u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5b83\u63a5\u53d7\u6587\u672c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\uff08\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u975e\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u6bcf\u5f53\u6709\u4eba\u6536\u5230\u4e00\u5c01\u65b0\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u8f6c\u5230\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5fae\u670d\u52a1\u4f1a\u5bf9\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u53c8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\uff08\u76f4\u63a5\u663e\u793a\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff09\u3002\u5728\u6279\u5904\u7406\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8c37\u6b4c\u4e91\u6216\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u4e91 \u670d\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u961f\u5217\u3002\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd\u90e8\u7f72\u3002<\/p>\n
8.2\u76d1\u63a7<\/h3>\n
\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5de5\u7a0b\u9879\u76ee\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u90e8\u7f72\u4e4b\u524d\u5fc5\u987b\u8fdb\u884c\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u90e8\u7f72\u4e4b\u540e\u4e0d \u65ad\u5730\u76d1\u63a7\u6a21\u578b\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u578b\u6bcf\u5929\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9879 \u76ee\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0d\u540c\u4e8e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u5de5\u7a0b\u9879\u76ee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b9a\u671f\u81ea\u52a8\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u8fd8\u5fc5\u987b\u786e\u4fdd\u6a21\u578b\u4ea7\u751f\u5408\u7406\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6027\u80fd\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u6027\u80fd\u4eea\u8868\u76d8\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u793a\u6a21\u578b\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u5173\u952e\u6027\u80fd\u6307\u6807\u3002\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n
8.3\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0<\/h3>\n
\u4e00\u65e6\u90e8\u7f72\u4e86\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u5f00\u59cb\u6536\u96c6\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u65b0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8fed\u4ee3\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u9884\u6d4b\u4e3a\u6700\u65b0\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u5404\u7ae0\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d89\u53ca\u6bcf\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u5230\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u3002\u8868 2-3 \u521d\u6b65\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u90e8\u7f72\u4e4b\u540e\u5982\u4f55\u9488\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u573a\u666f\u8fdb\u884c\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u65b0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u88682-3\uff1a\u9879\u76ee\u7279\u70b9\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8def\u5f84<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u9879\u76ee\u7279\u70b9<\/th>\n \u51b3\u7b56\u8def\u5f84<\/th>\n \u793a\u4f8b<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \u90e8\u7f72\u540e\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n \u4e00\u65e6\u90e8\u7f72\uff0c\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u53f7\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u7ebf\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5bf9\u6a21\u578b\u8fdb\u884c\u65e5\u5e38\u81ea\u52a8\u8bad\u7ec3<\/td>\n \u57fa\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u6807\u8bb0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u6ee5\u7528\u68c0\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u90e8\u7f72\u540e\u4e0d\u751f\u6210\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e<\/td>\n \u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u6539\u8fdb\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b0\u6a21\u578b\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u624b\u52a8\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u8bc4\u4f30<\/td>\n \u66f4\u5927\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5b50 \u96c6\uff0c\u65e0\u76f4\u63a5\u53cd\u9988<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u9700\u8981\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u7ebf\u4e14\u54cd\u5e94\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b9e\u65f6<\/td>\n \u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u63a8\u65ad\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u9009\u62e9\u521b\u5efa\u5185\u5b58\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f13\u5b58\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u80fd\u529b<\/td>\n \u9700\u8981\u7acb\u5373\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u804a\u5929\u673a\u5668\u4eba\u6216\u7d27\u6025\u8ddf\u8e2a\u7cfb\u7edf<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5ef6\u8fdf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u8131\u673a\u8fd0\u884c<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u548c\u66f4\u6162\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f18\u5316\u6210\u672c<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6279\u5904\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982\u96f6\u552e\u4ea7\u54c1\u76ee\u5f55\u5206\u6790<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n 9.\u4f7f\u7528\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00<\/h2>\n
\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u5047\u8bbe\u662f\u82f1\u8bed\u6587\u672c\u3002\u6839\u636e\u624b\u5934\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u4e3a\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00 \u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u7740\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e\u82f1\u8bed\u975e \u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u601d\u8003\u5982\u4f55\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u975e\u82f1\u8bed\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6982\u62ec\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5982\u8868 2-4 \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\n\n
\n \n\u8bed\u8a00\u7279\u70b9<\/th>\n \u793a\u4f8b\u548c\u8bed\u8a00<\/th>\n \u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6848<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n \u9ad8\u8d44\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\n \u65e2\u6709\u5145\u8db3\u6570\u636e\u53c8\u6709\u9884\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00 \u4f8b\u5982\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u6cd5\u8bed\u548c\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u8bed<\/td>\n \u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u66f4\u6613\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u4f4e\u8d44\u6e90\u8bed\u8a00<\/td>\n \u6570\u636e\u6709\u9650\u4e14\u6700\u8fd1\u624d\u5f00\u59cb\u91c7\u7528\u6570\u5b57\u6280\u672f\u7684 \u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u9884\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u4f8b\u5982\u65af\u74e6\u5e0c\u91cc\u8bed\u3001\u7f05\u7538\u8bed\u548c\u4e4c\u5179\u522b\u514b\u8bed<\/td>\n \u6839\u636e\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u6807\u6ce8\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ee5\u53ca\u63a2\u7d22\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u5f62\u6001\u4e30\u5bcc<\/td>\n \u8bed\u8a00\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5982\u4e3b\u8bed\u3001\u5bbe\u8bed\u3001\u8c13\u8bed\u3001 \u65f6\u6001\u548c\u8bed\u6c14\u4e0d\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8fde\u63a5\u5728 \u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u4f8b\u5982\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u3001\u571f\u8033\u5176\u8bed\u3001\u82ac\u5170\u8bed\u548c\u9a6c\u62c9\u96c5\u62c9\u59c6\u8bed<\/td>\n \u5982\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u5219\u9700\u8981\u63a2\u7d22\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7528\u4e8e\u8be5 \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u5206\u6790\u5668\u3002\u5728\u6700\u574f\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u7f16\u5199\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u5904\u7406\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u8bcd\u6c47\u53d8\u5316\u5927<\/td>\n \u62fc\u5199\u4e0d\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u8bcd\u7684\u53d8\u4f53\u8f83\u591a \u4f8b\u5982\u963f\u62c9\u4f2f\u8bed\u548c\u5370\u5730\u8bed\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u51c6\u62fc\u5199<\/td>\n \u5982\u679c\u8bed\u8a00\u8d44\u6e90\u4e0d\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u5728\u8bad\u7ec3\u4efb\u4f55\u6a21\u578b\u4e4b\u524d\u9996\u5148\u5bf9\u8bcd \/ \u62fc\u5199\u8fdb\u884c\u89c4\u8303\u5316 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6a21\u578b\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b66\u4e60\u8bcd\u6c47\u53d8\u5316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n \u4e2d\u6587\u3001\u65e5\u6587\u3001 \u97e9\u6587\uff08CJK\uff09<\/td>\n \u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u90fd\u662f\u4ece\u53e4\u4ee3\u6c49\u5b57\u4e2d\u6d3e\u751f\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u3002 \u5b83\u4eec\u4e0d\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5b57\u6bcd\u8868\u7684\uff0c\u6709\u51e0\u5343\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u672c\u8bc6\u5b57\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u5b57\u7b26\u5219\u8d85\u8fc7 4 \u4e07\u4e2a\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898 \u5b83\u4eec\u5305\u62ec\u4e2d\u6587\u3001\u65e5\u6587\u548c\u97e9\u6587\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f97\u540d \u201cCJK\u201d<\/td>\n \u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5206\u8bcd\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u6b64\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u6570\u636e\u53ef\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5934\u5f00\u59cb\u4e3a\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u578b\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u4ece\u7528 CJK \u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u8a00\u8bad \u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u53ef\u80fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7528\u5904<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u7efc\u5408\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002<\/p>\n
10.\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76<\/h2>\n
\u4e0a\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3001\u4f5c\u7528\u548c\u52a0\u5165\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u901a\u7528 \u6846\u67b6\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u5206\u5f00\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\uff0c\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u6574\u4f53\u80cc\u666f\u3002\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9636\u6bb5\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\uff1f\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 Uber \u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u5ba2\u670d\u5de5\u5177 COTA \u6765\u6539\u5584\u5ba2\u6237\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n
Uber \u5728\u5168\u7403 400 \u591a\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u8fd0\u8425\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u6bcf\u5929\u4f7f\u7528 Uber \u7684\u4eba\u6570\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f30\u8ba1\u5176\u5ba2\u6237\u652f\u6301\u56e2\u961f\u6bcf\u5929\u4f1a\u6536\u5230\u6570\u5341\u4e07\u5f20\u5173\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5355\uff0c\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u4f9b\u9009\u62e9\u3002COTA \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u8fdb\u884c\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002Uber \u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6280\u672f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 COTA\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u5ba2\u6237\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5feb\u901f\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u95ee\u9898\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u56fe 2-15 \u663e\u793a\u4e86 Uber COTA \u7684\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4ee5\u53ca\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n
![\"image-20240117160518669\"](\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20240117160518669.png\")
<\/p>\n\u56fe 2-15\uff1aUber \u670d\u52a1\u5355\u7cfb\u7edf\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6392\u5e8f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u5728\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u95ee\u9898\u5e76\u9009\u62e9\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u9700\u8981\u4e09\u4e2a\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 2-15 \u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6587\u672c<\/strong>\uff0c\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u79fb\u9664 HTML \u6807 \u8bb0\uff08\u56fe 2-15 \u4e2d\u672a\u663e\u793a\uff09\u6765\u6e05\u6d17\u6587\u672c\u540e\uff0c\u9884\u5904\u7406\u6b65\u9aa4\u5305\u62ec\u5206\u8bcd\u3001\u5c0f\u5199\u8f6c\u6362\u3001\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u5220\u9664\u548c\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u524d\u9762\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u5982\u4f55\u5b8c\u6210\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u9884\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6587\u672c\u88ab\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\u8bcd\u7684\u96c6\u5408\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u8bcd\u888b<\/strong>\uff0c\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u6b65\u662f\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002\u524d\u9762\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u8bcd\u888b\u8fdb\u5165\u4e24\u4e2a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6a21\u5757\uff1aTF-IDF\uff08\u8bcd \u9891 \u2013 \u9006\u6587\u6863\u9891\u7387\uff09\u548c LSI\uff08\u6f5c\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u7d22\u5f15\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u4f7f\u7528\u8bcd\u888b\u8868\u793a\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002 \u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e3b\u9898\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u7b2c 7 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u90a3\u4e48 Uber \u5982\u4f55\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00 \u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff1f Uber \u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u5386\u53f2\u670d\u52a1\u5355\uff0c\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u888b\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8868\u793a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u9898\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u5c06\u4f20\u5165\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e3b\u9898\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f59\u5f26\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u4efb\u610f\u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6307\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e2a\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5f81\u5de5\u7a0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8be5\u8868\u793a\u6307\u793a\u670d\u52a1\u5355\u6587\u672c\u4e0e\u6240\u6709 \u53ef\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u76f8\u4f3c\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
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11.\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n
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