{"id":9110,"date":"2024-01-19T14:25:37","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T06:25:37","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=9110"},"modified":"2024-01-19T14:25:37","modified_gmt":"2024-01-19T06:25:37","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e7%84%b6%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e5%a4%84%e7%90%86%e5%ae%9e%e6%88%98%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8e%e5%85%a5%e9%97%a8%e5%88%b0%e9%a1%b9%e7%9b%ae%e5%ae%9e%e8%b7%b51%ef%bc%9anlp%e6%a6%82%e8%bf%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=9110","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u4ece\u5165\u95e8\u5230\u9879\u76ee\u5b9e\u8df51\uff1aNLP\u6982\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"

1.\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u672c\u8282\u53ea\u5bf9\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u90e8\u638c\u63e1\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u5148\u4ece\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u65b9\u6cd5\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n

1.1\u57fa\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406<\/h3>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08Heuristic-based Natural Language Processing\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7b97\u6cd5\u6216\u7cfb\u7edf\u4f7f\u7528\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u4e8e\u9886\u57df\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u96be\u4ee5\u7528\u4f20\u7edf\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u89e3\u51b3\u6216\u6570\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e5f\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u6c42\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5236\u5b9a\u89c4\u5219\u5e76\u6574\u5408\u5230\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u8bcd\u5178\u3001\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u5e93\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u7f16\u5199\u548c\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8d44\u6e90\u8bbe\u8ba1\u89c4\u5219\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u3002\u5b83\u5229\u7528\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6b63\u5411\u8bcd\u548c\u8d1f\u5411\u8bcd\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u6765\u63a8\u65ad\u6587\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8bcd\u5178\u548c\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u5e93\u5916\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u8fd8\u9700\u8981\u6784\u5efa\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u3002\u4f8b\u5982 WordNet\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5355\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u5305\u62ec\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u3001\u4e0b\u4e49\u8bcd\u548c\u90e8\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u662f\u6307\u610f\u601d\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u4e0b\u4e49\u8bcd\u6355\u6349\u7684\u662f\u4ece\u5c5e\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u68d2\u7403\u3001\u76f8\u6251\u548c\u7f51\u7403\u662f\u4f53\u80b2\u7684\u4e0b\u4e49\u8bcd\u3002\u90e8\u5206\u8bcd\u6355\u6349\u7684\u662f\u90e8\u5206\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u624b\u548c\u817f\u662f\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u8bcd\u3002\u5728\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u7cfb\u7edf\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u90fd\u4f1a\u6d3e\u4e0a\u7528\u573a\u3002\u56fe 1-9 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a WordNet \u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-9\uff1a\u5355\u8bcd\u201cSPORT\u201d\u7684 WordNet \u56fe\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u8fd1\u671f\uff0c\u5e38\u8bc6\u548c\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e5f\u88ab\u7eb3\u5165\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\uff0c\u5982\u201c\u5f00\u653e\u601d\u7ef4\u5e38\u8bc6\u5e93\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u867d\u7136\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6c47\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u7a81\u7834\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u6574\u5408\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5206\u6790\u548c\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff08regex\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u4e00\u7ec4\u5b57\u7b26\u6216\u4e00\u4e2a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u548c\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f '^([a-zA-Z0-9_\\-\\.]+)@([a-zA-Z0-9_\\-\\.]+)\\.([a-zA-Z]{2,5})$'<\/code> \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u5730\u5740\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u5c06\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u6574\u5408\u5230\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u987e\u5ba2\u901a\u8fc7\u804a\u5929\u6216\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6295\u8bc9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5982\u4f55\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u81ea\u52a8\u8bc6\u522b\u987e\u5ba2\u6240\u6295\u8bc9\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u73b0\u5728\u6709\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u54c1\u724c\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u5730\u5339\u914d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/strong>\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u8303\u5f0f\u3002\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6 StanfordCoreNLP \u81ea\u5e26\u7684 TokensRegex \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9a\u4e49\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u6846\u67b6\u3002\u5b83\u7528\u4e8e\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u5339\u914d\u5230\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7528\u4e8e\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u8981\u4e48\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3002\u6982\u7387\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u662f\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u589e\u52a0\u5339\u914d\u6982\u7387\u6765\u514b\u670d\u8fd9\u4e00\u7f3a\u9677\u3002\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b pregex \u7b49\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u65e0\u5173\u8bed\u6cd5\uff08context-free grammar, CFG\uff09<\/strong>\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u8bed\u6cd5\u3002CFG \u7531\u8457\u540d\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5bb6\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bfa\u59c6\u2022\u4e54\u59c6\u65af\u57fa\u6559\u6388\u53d1\u660e\u3002CFG \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6355\u83b7\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u65e0\u6cd5\u6355\u83b7\u7684\u590d\u6742\u548c\u5c42\u6b21\u5316\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cEarley \u89e3\u6790\u5668\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6790\u5404\u79cd CFG\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5bf9\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 JAPE\uff08Java \u6ce8\u89e3\u6a21\u5f0f\u5f15\u64ce\uff09\u7b49\u8bed\u6cd5\u8bed\u8a00\u3002JAPE \u517c\u5177\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u548c CFG \u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5982 GATE\uff08\u6587\u672c\u5de5\u7a0b\u901a\u7528\u67b6\u6784\uff09\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5b9a\u4e49\u660e\u786e\u7684\u5c01\u95ed\u57df\uff0c\u51c6\u786e\u7387\u548c\u5168\u8986\u76d6\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u53ef\u7528 GATE \u6784\u5efa\u6587\u672c\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0cJAPE \u548c GATE \u66fe\u7528\u4e8e\u8d77\u640f\u5668\u690d\u5165\u624b\u672f\u4e34\u5e8a\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6\u3002\u56fe 1-10 \u663e\u793a\u4e86 GATE \u754c\u9762\uff1a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6709\u51e0\u7c7b\u4fe1\u606f\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u7a81\u51fa\u663e\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-10\uff1aGATE \u5de5\u5177<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u73b0\u5728\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u5468\u671f\u4e2d\u4ecd\u7136\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5f00\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u6700\u521d\u7248\u672c\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5feb\u901f\u6784\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u624b\u5934\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u5c06\u6df1\u5165\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u4e2d\u95f4\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u57fa\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u63d0\u53d6\u7279\u5f81\u3002\u5728\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u6700\u540e\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5835\u4f4f\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6f0f\u6d1e\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u6784\u5efa\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u90fd\u96be\u514d\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u9519\u8bef\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u635f\u5931\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u7cfb\u7edf\u67e5\u770b\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u60a3\u8005\u7684\u6240\u6709\u533b\u7597\u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u5374\u9519\u8bef\u5730\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u952e\u68c0\u67e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4eba\u4ed8\u51fa\u751f\u547d\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u3002\u89c4\u5219\u548c\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u662f\u5835\u4f4f\u751f\u4ea7\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6f0f\u6d1e\u7684\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u6362\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bdd\u9898\uff0c\u8ba8\u8bba\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

1.2\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60<\/h3>\n

\u548c\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u3002\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u56de\u5f52\u7b49\u6709\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u5df2\u7ecf\u5927\u91cf\u7528\u4e8e\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u65b0\u95fb\u6587\u7ae0\u6309\u7167\u4f53\u80b2\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7b49\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u7c7b\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u518d\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u4e0a\u5173\u4e8e\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u8ba8\u8bba\u7ecf\u8fc7\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u56de\u5f52\u6280\u672f\u6765\u7ed9\u51fa\u9884\u6d4b\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4f30\u8ba1\u80a1\u7968\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0c\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u805a\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u6587\u6863\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4efb\u4f55\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e3a\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a\u63d0\u53d6\u6587\u672c\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u6539\u8fdb\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u4e13\u95e8\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u76d1\u7763\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u540e\u7eed\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u987e\u540d\u601d\u4e49\uff0c\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5b9a\u7406\u3002\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u662f\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u96c6\u5408\uff0c\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u7c7b\u522b\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6982\u7387\u3002\u8be5\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\u662f\uff0c\u5b83\u5047\u8bbe\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7279\u5f81\u90fd\u662f\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u672c\u7ae0\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u65b0\u95fb\u5206\u7c7b\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u7528\u6570\u503c\u8868\u793a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u4f53\u80b2\u6216\u653f\u6cbb\u7c7b\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u5047\u8bbe\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6c47\u8ba1\u6570\u5f7c\u6b64\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5047\u8bbe\u6210\u7acb\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u5bf9\u65b0\u95fb\u6587\u7ae0\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u4f46\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd9\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u8fd0\u884c\u901f\u5ea6\u975e\u5e38\u5feb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\uff08support vector machine, SVM\uff09\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u9694\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u5206\u7c7b\u4e2d\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u4f53\u80b2\u7c7b\uff09\u3002\u8be5\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u7684\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u5706\uff09\u3002\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u6765\u533a\u5206\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u7684\u6570\u636e\u70b9\u3002\u7ebf\u6027\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u53d8\u5f97\u660e\u663e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8868\u793a\u3002\u56fe 1-11 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u9ed1\u70b9\u3001\u767d\u70b9\u5206\u522b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4f53\u80b2\u7c7b\u65b0\u95fb\u548c\u653f\u6cbb\u7c7b\u65b0\u95fb\uff09\u3002\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u6700\u4f18\u7684\u51b3\u7b56\u8fb9\u754c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u522b\u70b9\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u8fbe\u5230\u6700\u5927\u3002\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u53d8\u5316\u548c\u566a\u58f0\u5177\u6709\u7a33\u5065\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7f3a\u70b9\u662f\u8bad\u7ec3\u65f6\u95f4\u957f\uff0c\u5f53\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u4fbf\u65e0\u6cd5\u6269\u5c55\u3002<\/p>\n

\"img\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-11\uff1a\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u7684\u4e8c\u7ef4\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6a21\u578b\uff08hidden Markov model, HMM\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5b83\u5047\u5b9a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c2\u5bdf\u3001\u5177\u6709\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u7531\u6f5c\u5728\u8fc7\u7a0b\u751f\u6210\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3002\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6a21\u578b\u8bd5\u56fe\u6839\u636e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5bf9\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5c06\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u8bb0\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u53e5\u5b50\uff09\u3002HMM \u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5047\u8bbe\u6587\u672c\u662f\u6839\u636e\u80cc\u540e\u7684\u9690\u85cf\u8bed\u6cd5\u751f\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u5c31\u662f\u8bcd\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u6027\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u5185\u5728\u5730\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u53ea\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u53d7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u652f\u914d\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cHMM \u8fd8\u505a\u4e86\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u5047\u8bbe\uff0c\u5373\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\u90fd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5148\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u8bcd\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u8bcd\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5047\u8bbe\uff0cHMM \u6210\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u5f3a\u5927\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u56fe 1-12 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b66\u4e60\u53e5\u5b50\u8bcd\u6027\u7684 HMM \u793a\u4f8b\u3002JJ\uff08\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\uff09\u3001NN\uff08\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u7b49\u8bcd\u6027\u662f\u9690\u85cf\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u800c\u201cnatural language processing (NLP) ...\u201d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-12\uff1a\u9690\u9a6c\u5c14\u53ef\u592b\u6a21\u578b\u56fe\u793a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5173\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684 HMM\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u9605 Daniel Jurafsky \u548c James H. Martin \u7684\u8457\u4f5c Speech and Language Processing (3rd ed. draft)<\/em> \u4e2d\u7b2c 8 \u7ae0\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u968f\u673a\u573a<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u6761\u4ef6\u968f\u673a\u573a\uff08conditional random \ufb01eld, CRF\uff09\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u7528\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\u3002\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u8bb2\uff0cCRF \u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u5bf9\u5e8f\u5217\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u6267\u884c\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8003\u8651\u540c\u6837\u7684\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0cCRF \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5206\u7c7b\u5230\u67d0\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6027\uff08\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u6c60\uff09\u6765\u9010\u8bcd\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u7531\u4e8e CRF \u8003\u8651\u4e86\u987a\u5e8f\u8f93\u5165\u548c\u6807\u6ce8\u7684\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6bd4\u5176\u4ed6\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u66f4\u5177\u8868\u73b0\u529b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u6548\u679c\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u5728\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u7b49\u4f9d\u8d56\u8bed\u8a00\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\uff0cCRF \u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4f18\u4e8e HMM\u3002\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u3001\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 9 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba CRF \u53ca\u5176\u53d8\u4f53\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e86\u89e3\uff0c\u5c06\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4f55\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\u54ea\u79cd\u7b97\u6cd5\u4e5f\u5f88\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f1a\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u60f3\u6df1\u5165\u4e86\u89e3\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u8fc7\u7a0b\u548c\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u7ec6\u8282\uff0c\u63a8\u8350\u9605\u8bfb Christopher Bishop \u7684\u6559\u79d1\u4e66 Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning<\/em>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ece\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u5b66\u4e60\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\uff0cAur\u00e9lien G\u00e9ron \u7684\u300a\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u5b9e\u6218\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e Scikit-Learn\u3001Keras \u548c TensorFlow\u300b\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u5165\u95e8\u8bfb\u7269\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

1.3\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60<\/h3>\n

\u524d\u9762\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u51e0\u79cd\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5904\u7406\u590d\u6742\u3001\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u5927\u5e45\u5ea6\u589e\u957f\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u590d\u6742\u548c\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u89e3\u51b3\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u529b\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u662f\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6df1\u5165\u4eba\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u6b63\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u7684\u3002\u4efb\u4f55\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u90fd\u662f\u6cbf\u7740\u4e00\u79cd\u65b9\u5411\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u4ece\u5de6\u5230\u53f3\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u80fd\u591f\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u9010\u6b65\u8bfb\u5165\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u7684\u3002\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08recurrent neural network, RNN\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u8bbe\u8ba1\u53ef\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002RNN \u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5355\u5143\u80fd\u591f\u8bb0\u5fc6\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\u6240\u5904\u7406\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bb0\u5fc6\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u5f53 RNN \u6bcf\u9694\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u65f6\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5c31\u4f1a\u88ab\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u56fe 1-13 \u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c55\u5f00\u7684 RNN\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b83\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6b65\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8f93\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n

\"img\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-13\uff1a\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 Christopher Olah \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cUnderstanding LSTM Networks\u201d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

RNN \u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002RNN \u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u751f\u6210\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u8bfb\u53d6\u524d\u9762\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u9884\u6d4b\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6216\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u7b26\u3002<\/p>\n

\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1 RNN \u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u3001\u7528\u9014\u5e7f\u6cdb\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u5065\u5fd8\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u65e0\u6cd5\u8bb0\u4f4f\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5f53\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u8f83\u957f\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f73\uff0c\u800c\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u8f83\u957f\u662f\u666e\u904d\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u957f\u77ed\u671f\u8bb0\u5fc6\uff08long short-term memory, LSTM\uff09\u7f51\u7edc\u662f RNN \u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5f25\u8865\u4e86 RNN \u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002LSTM \u653e\u5f03\u4e86\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u53ea\u8bb0\u4f4f\u89e3\u51b3\u624b\u5934\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u8bed\u5883\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u5f00\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bb0\u5fc6\u5f88\u957f\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4f18\u70b9\uff0cLSTM \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u4ee3\u4e86 RNN\u3002\u95e8\u63a7\u5faa\u73af\u5355\u5143\uff08gated recurrent unit, GRU\uff09\u662f RNN \u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u53d8\u4f53\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\u3002\u56fe 1-14 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5355\u4e2a LSTM \u5355\u5143\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u7b2c 4\u30015\u30016 \u548c 9 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba LSTM \u5728\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7528\u9014\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-14\uff1aLSTM \u5355\u5143\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 Christopher Olah \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cUnderstanding LSTM Networks\u201d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u5377\u79ef\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08convolutional neural network, CNN\uff09\u5728\u56fe\u50cf\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u8bc6\u522b\u7b49\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u3002CNN \u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u4e5f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u3002\u5c06\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6 d<\/em>\uff08\u89c1\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\u7684 3.3.1 \u8282\uff09\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u6392\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u7ef4\u6570\u4e3a n<\/em>\u00d7d<\/em> \u7684\u77e9\u9635\u6216\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d n<\/em> \u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8bcd\u6570\uff0cd<\/em> \u662f\u8bcd\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u56fe\u50cf\u4e00\u6837\u5904\u7406\u8fd9\u4e2a\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 CNN \u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\u3002CNN \u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u70b9\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u4f7f\u7528\u8bed\u5883\u7a97\u53e3\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u7ec4\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u505a\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u7c7b\u65f6\uff0c\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u975e\u5e38\u559c\u6b22\u8fd9\u90e8\u7535\u5f71\uff01\uff08I like this movie very much!\uff09\u201d\u4e3a\u4e86\u7406\u89e3\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u8bcd\u53ca\u5176\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u76f8\u90bb\u8bcd\u96c6\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0cCNN \u81ea\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u540e\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u56fe 1-15 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86 CNN \u4f5c\u7528\u4e8e\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u6709\u7528\u7684\u77ed\u8bed\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5f97\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6570\u6765\u6307\u793a\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5982\u56fe 1-15 \u6240\u793a\uff0cCNN \u4f7f\u7528\u82e5\u5e72\u5377\u79ef\u5c42\u548c\u6c60\u5316\u5c42\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u672c\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u9988\u9001\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u8fde\u63a5\u5c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b66\u4e60\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7b49\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u4e5f\u4f1a\u8ba8\u8bba CNN\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-15\uff1aCNN \u6a21\u578b\u793a\u610f<\/strong><\/p>\n

Transformer<\/strong><\/h4>\n

Transformer \u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u8054\u76df\u7684\u65b0\u6210\u5458\u3002\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u4e24\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0cTransformer \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u5148\u8fdb\u6c34\u5e73\u3002Transformer \u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8bed\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6309\u987a\u5e8f\u8fdb\u884c\u7684\u3002\u7ed9\u5b9a\u8f93\u5165\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bcd\uff0cTransformer \u7740\u91cd\u5173\u6ce8\u5176\u5468\u56f4\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8bcd\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b<\/strong>\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u5176\u8bed\u5883\u6765\u8868\u793a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201cbank\u201d\u4e00\u8bcd\u6839\u636e\u5176\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u5883\u6d89\u53ca\u91d1\u878d\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u662f\u94f6\u884c\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bed\u5883\u63d0\u5230\u6cb3\u6d41\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u6307\u7684\u662f\u6cb3\u5cb8\u3002Transformer \u80fd\u5bf9\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bed\u5883\u8fdb\u884c\u5efa\u6a21\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u88ab\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u6df1\u5ea6\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0cTransformer \u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u8868\u793a\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u5927\u578b Transformer \u5df2\u88ab\u7528\u4e8e\u4e0b\u6e38\u5c0f\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\u3002\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u662f\u5c06\u89e3\u51b3\u4e00\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u65f6\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u4e0d\u540c\u4f46\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u3002Transformer \u7684\u601d\u60f3\u662f\u4ee5\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bad\u7ec3\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u7684 Transformer \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u79f0\u4e3a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3<\/strong>\uff09\u3002Transformer \u6839\u636e\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u90e8\u5206\u9884\u6d4b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u80fd\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u4e2d\u9ad8\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u5dee\u522b\u8fdb\u884c\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3 Transformer \u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6587\u672c\u6570\u636e\u8d85\u8fc7 40GB\uff0c\u662f\u4ece\u6574\u4e2a\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u3002\u5927\u578b Transformer \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f BERT\uff08\u6765\u81ea Transformer \u7684\u53cc\u5411\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u8868\u793a\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 1-16 \u6240\u793a\uff0c\u5b83\u7531\u6d77\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u800c\u5f97\uff0c\u5e76\u7531\u8c37\u6b4c\u5f00\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-16\uff1aBERT \u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u548c\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\u5982\u56fe 1-16 \u5de6\u4fa7\u6240\u793a\u3002\u5fae\u8c03\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u5b9e\u4f53\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u7b49\u4e0b\u6e38\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u56fe 1-16 \u53f3\u4fa7\u6240\u793a\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u77e5\u8bc6\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\uff0cBERT \u53ef\u4ee5\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5c06\u77e5\u8bc6\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u90fd\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u5148\u8fdb\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4f7f\u7528 BERT \u6267\u884c\u5404\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u56fe 1-17 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86 Transformer \u7684\u5173\u952e\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5373\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u539f\u7406\u3002\u7b2c 4\u30016 \u548c 10 \u7ae0\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd BERT \u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

\"img\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-17\uff1aTransformer \u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08\u53c2\u89c1 Jay Alammar \u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u201cThe Illustrated Transformer\u201d\uff09<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668<\/strong><\/h4>\n

\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff08autoencoder\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u6765\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u672c\uff1f\u8fd9\u65f6\u4e0d\u59a8\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u5230\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4f7f\u6620\u5c04\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u6548\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\u201c\u91cd\u6784\u201d\u8f93\u5165\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u65e0\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u5de5\u6807\u6ce8\u3002\u8bad\u7ec3\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5bc6\u96c6\u5411\u91cf\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7f16\u7801\u3002\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u901a\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e0b\u6e38\u4efb\u52a1\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u8868\u793a\u3002\u56fe 1-18 \u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n

\"{%}\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-18\uff1a\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7684\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5728\u8be5\u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u9690\u5c42\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u8f93\u5165\u6570\u636e\u7684\u538b\u7f29\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u6570\u636e\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u5c42\uff08\u89e3\u7801\u5668\uff09\u5219\u4ece\u538b\u7f29\u8868\u793a\u4e2d\u91cd\u6784\u8f93\u5165\u8868\u793a\u3002\u867d\u7136\u56fe 1-18 \u4e2d\u6240\u793a\u7684\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u7ed3\u6784\u65e0\u6cd5\u5904\u7406\u6587\u672c\u7b49\u987a\u5e8f\u6570\u636e\u7684\u7279\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u628a\u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\u6539\u9020\u6210 LSTM \u81ea\u52a8\u7f16\u7801\u5668\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u9762\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5e0c\u671b\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8bfb\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u672c\u4e66\u540e\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9274\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u53d6\u5f97\u7684\u65b0\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9996\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u884c\u4e1a\u7528\u4f8b\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u8fdc\u975e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6765\u770b\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n

1.4\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd8\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u7075\u4e39\u5999\u836f<\/h3>\n

\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u51e0\u5e74\u91cc\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e LSTM \u548c CNN \u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u8bb8\u591a\u5206\u7c7b\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e86\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u548c\u652f\u6301\u5411\u91cf\u673a\u7b49\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u3002\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5730\uff0cLSTM \u5728\u5e8f\u5217\u6807\u6ce8\u4efb\u52a1\uff08\u5982\u5b9e\u4f53\u63d0\u53d6\uff09\u4e2d\u6bd4\u6761\u4ef6\u968f\u673a\u573a\u6a21\u578b\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u6700\u8fd1\uff0c\u529f\u80fd\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 Transformer \u6a21\u578b\u5728\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u3001\u5e8f\u5217\u6807\u6ce8\u7b49\u5927\u591a\u6570\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u6700\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6280\u672f\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\uff0c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5927\u578b Transformer \u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5c31\u53c2\u6570\u6570\u91cf\u800c\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b8c\u6210\u8bed\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u901a\u7528\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5fae\u8c03 Transformer\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9002\u5e94\u4e0b\u6e38\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u8bed\u97f3\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c3d\u7ba1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5982\u6b64\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u884c\u4e1a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e2d\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u662f\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u7075\u4e39\u5999\u836f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u539f\u56e0\u5217\u4e3e\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u7684\u8fc7\u62df\u5408<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u5f3a\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bc5\u5492\u3002\u5965\u5361\u59c6\u5243\u5200\u6cd5\u5219\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6761\u4ef6\u90fd\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u603b\u662f\u66f4\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u65f6\u5019\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8bad\u7ec3\u590d\u6742\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e0e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u9996\u9009\u66f4\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u4e0a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u62df\u5408\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6cdb\u5316\u80fd\u529b\u5dee\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4ea7\u54c1\u6027\u80fd\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u5408\u6210\u6570\u636e\u751f\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u7b49\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u5c11\u6837\u672c\u5b66\u4e60\uff08\u5373\u4ece\u5f88\u5c11\u7684\u8bad\u7ec3\u6837\u4f8b\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\uff09\u548c\u9ad8\u8d28\u91cf\u56fe\u50cf\u751f\u6210\u6a21\u578b\u65b9\u9762\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fdb\u6b65\u90fd\u4f7f\u5f97\u5728\u5c11\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u6a21\u578b\u53d8\u5f97\u53ef\u884c\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u51b3\u884c\u4e1a\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u770b\u5230\u4e0e\u4e4b\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u3001\u6210\u529f\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9886\u57df\u9002\u5e94<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5982\u679c\u5927\u578b\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7528\u67d0\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u65b0\u95fb\u6587\u7ae0\uff09\u7684\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c06\u8bad\u7ec3\u597d\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u9886\u57df\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u5e16\u6587\uff09\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u6cdb\u5316\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u635f\u5931\u8868\u660e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u767e\u8bd5\u767e\u7075\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u6587\u672c\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bc4\u8bba\u4e0a\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7528\u4e8e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u6216\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u7b49\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u6548\u679c\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u6240\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5176\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u7ed3\u6784\u662f\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u4e13\u95e8\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u7f16\u7801\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u50cf\u9886\u57df\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u3001\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u4e00\u6837\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u9664\u4e86\u6709\u6548\u7684\u9886\u57df\u9002\u5e94\u5916\uff0c\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u6027\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6765\u8bf4\u4e5f\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u50cf\u9ed1\u7bb1\u4e00\u6837\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e1a\u52a1\u90e8\u95e8\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u53ef\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u89e3\u91ca\u7ed9\u5ba2\u6237\u6216\u6700\u7ec8\u7528\u6237\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u6280\u672f\u53ef\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u7528\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u7c7b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6734\u7d20\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u91ca\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u6b63\u5411\u8bcd\u6c47\u548c\u8d1f\u5411\u8bcd\u6c47\u5bf9\u6700\u7ec8\u60c5\u611f\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4ece LSTM \u5206\u7c7b\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u83b7\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u662f\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u89c6\u89c9\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u9ed1\u7bb1\u3002\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u6280\u672f\u7528\u4e8e\u89e3\u91ca\u6a21\u578b\u505a\u51fa\u7279\u5b9a\u9884\u6d4b\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u5c1a\u4e0d\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e38\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5c3d\u7ba1\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u57fa\u51c6\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u8c1c\u56e2\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5468\u56f4\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u4ea4\u6d41\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e16\u754c\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u548c\u5e38\u8bc6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u559c\u6b22\u6bd4\u8428\u201d\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u6211\u5403\u6bd4\u8428\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5f88\u5f00\u5fc3\u201d\u3002\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u201c\u5982\u679c\u7ea6\u7ff0\u8d70\u51fa\u5367\u5ba4\u53bb\u82b1\u56ed\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7ea6\u7ff0\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5728\u5367\u5ba4\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u662f\u82b1\u56ed\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u673a\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u6b65\u63a8\u7406\u6765\u8bc6\u522b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u5e76\u7406\u89e3\u5176\u540e\u679c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u4e16\u754c\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u5e38\u8bc6\u662f\u8bed\u8a00\u6240\u56fa\u6709\u7684\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u5b83\u4eec\u5bf9\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u4efb\u52a1\u4e0a\u7684\u826f\u597d\u8868\u73b0\u662f\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u6807\u51c6\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e0a\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u5e38\u8bc6\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u3002\u867d\u7136\u6709\u4eba\u5728\u6536\u96c6\u5e38\u8bc6\u4e8b\u4ef6\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u89c4\u5219\uff08\u5982\u201c\u82e5\u2013\u5219\u201d\u63a8\u7406\uff09\u65b9\u9762\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5f88\u597d\u5730\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u96c6\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6210\u672c<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u4e3a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u53ef\u80fd\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u4ece\u91d1\u94b1\u548c\u65f6\u95f4\u65b9\u9762\u6765\u770b\uff0c\u6210\u672c\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u4f17\u6240\u5468\u77e5\u7684\u6570\u636e\u541e\u566c\u8005\u3002\u6536\u96c6\u5927\u578b\u6570\u636e\u96c6\u5e76\u5bf9\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4f53\u79ef\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b83\u4eec\u8fbe\u5230\u671f\u671b\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u5f00\u53d1\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e13\u7528\u786c\u4ef6\uff08GPU\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u5f00\u9500\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u90e8\u7f72\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u5728\u786c\u4ef6\u8981\u6c42\u548c\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u65b9\u9762\u90fd\u5f88\u6602\u8d35\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u4f53\u79ef\u5e9e\u5927\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u5728\u63a8\u7406\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bfc\u81f4\u5ef6\u8fdf\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f4e\u5ef6\u8fdf\u662f\u786c\u6027\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6a21\u578b\u53cd\u800c\u6beb\u65e0\u7528\u5904\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7f3a\u70b9\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u9879\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u91cd\u578b\u6a21\u578b\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\u3002\u5bbd\u6cdb\u5730\u8bf4\uff0c\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u91cd\u5feb\u901f\u4ea4\u4ed8\u3001\u8f7b\u826f\u597d\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5b9e\u73b0\u9009\u578b\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u8fd4\u5de5\u6210\u672c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u3000\u3000\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8bb8\u591a\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u9700\u8981\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u5d4c\u5165\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u90e8\u7f72\u5728\u4e91\u7aef\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u4e2a\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u672a\u8054\u7f51\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u6e38\u5ba2\u8bf4\u51fa\u7ffb\u8bd1\u540e\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u6709\u9650\u7684\u5185\u5b58\u548c\u7535\u91cf\u4e0b\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u90fd\u4e0d\u6ee1\u8db3\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65b9\u5411\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u8fb9\u7f18\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u90e8\u7f72\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u79bb\u901a\u7528\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u8fd8\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u8fdc\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u884c\u4e1a\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0a\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6216\u591a\u4e2a\u56e0\u7d20\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u66f4\u957f\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u5468\u671f\u548c\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u548c\u4eba\u529b\u6210\u672c\uff0c\u4f46\u6027\u80fd\u53ea\u4e0e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u76f8\u5f53\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u751a\u81f3\u4f4e\u4e8e\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u6295\u8d44\u56de\u62a5\u7387\u5f88\u4f4e\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u7ecf\u5e38\u5bfc\u81f4\u9879\u76ee\u5931\u8d25\u3002<\/p>\n

\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u8ba8\u8bba\uff0c\u5f88\u660e\u663e\uff0c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5e76\u4e0d\u603b\u662f\u4e1a\u754c\u6240\u6709\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u6848\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5148\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5404\u79cd\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u57fa\u4e8e\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u7b49\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u5b83\u4eec\u3002\u672c\u4e66\u5f3a\u8c03\u6570\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u6a21\u578b\u6784\u5efa\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5355\u4e2a\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u6280\u672f\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u9274\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u672a\u6765\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u66f4\u65b0\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6765\u63a8\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u539f\u7406\u4e0d\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u5b9e\u8d28\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u5148\u8ba8\u8bba\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f00\u53d1\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u590d\u6742\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u5230\u524d\u6cbf\u6280\u672f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e0e\u5361\u5185\u57fa\u2013\u6885\u9686\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Zachary Lipton \u6559\u6388\u548c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\u7684 Jacob Steinhardt \u6559\u6388\u5728\u5176\u6587\u7ae0\u201cTroubling Trends in Machine Learning Scholarship\u201d\u4e2d\u6240\u4e3b\u5f20\u7684\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u5728\u6b64\u8b66\u793a\uff1a\u4e0d\u8981\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u548c\u9002\u5f53\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5927\u91cf\u9605\u8bfb\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u7ae0\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u8bba\u6587\u548c\u535a\u5ba2\u3002\u7d27\u8ddf\u5927\u91cf\u524d\u6cbf\u5de5\u4f5c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u6982\u5ff5\u6df7\u6dc6\u548c\u7406\u89e3\u4e0d\u51c6\u786e\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u6700\u8fd1\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u6a21\u578b\u6ca1\u6709\u529e\u6cd5\u5145\u5206\u89e3\u91ca\u5176\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002Lipton \u548c Steinhardt \u4e5f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7c7b\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u7ae0\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u89e3\u51b3\u624b\u5934\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u6e05\u6670\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u672f\u8bed\u7684\u6df7\u6dc6\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bef\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u672c\u4e66\u901a\u8fc7\u5404\u7ae0\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3001\u4ee3\u7801\u548c\u63d0\u793a\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e86\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5728\u7ed3\u675f\u7b2c 1 \u7ae0\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

2.\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u6f14\u7ec3\uff1a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53<\/h2>\n

\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a Alexa\u3001Apple Siri \u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u662f\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u56fe 1-19 \u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u5178\u578b\u4ea4\u4e92\u6a21\u578b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"img\"<\/p>\n

\u56fe 1-19\uff1a\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6d41\u7a0b<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u4e0b\u9762\u4ecb\u7ecd\u56fe\u4e2d\u6d41\u7a0b\u7528\u5230\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n

    \u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u548c\u5408\u6210<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u57fa\u4e8e\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u5305\u62ec\u5c06\u8bed\u97f3\u4fe1\u53f7\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u97f3\u7d20\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u97f3\u7d20\u8f6c\u5f55\u6210\u8bcd\u3002\u8bed\u97f3\u5408\u6210\u5219\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u7ed3\u679c\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u53e3\u8bed\u7684\u53cd\u5411\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\u957f\u8db3\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6807\u51c6\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f7f\u7528\u4e91 API\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  2. \n

    \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3<\/p>\n

    \u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6d41\u6c34\u7ebf\u4e2d\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u7cfb\u7edf\u5206\u6790\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\uff08\u8f6c\u5f55\u4e3a\u6587\u672c\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3\u4e3a\u8bb8\u591a\u5c0f\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5b50\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5217\u4e3e\u5982\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u5206\u6790\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u3002\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u662f\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6240\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002\u8fd9\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u5171\u6307\u6d88\u89e3<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f\u6307\u4ece\u5bf9\u8bdd\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u627e\u51fa\u6240\u63d0\u53d6\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u6307\u4ee3\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u8bf4\u201c\u300a\u590d\u4ec7\u8005\u8054\u76df 4\uff1a\u7ec8\u5c40\u4e4b\u6218\u300b\u5f88\u68d2\u201d\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u5230\u7535\u5f71\u65f6\u8bf4\u201c\u7535\u5f71\u7684\u7279\u6548\u5f88\u68d2\u201d\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u201c\u7535\u5f71\u201d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u300a\u590d\u4ec7\u8005\u8054\u76df 4\uff1a\u7ec8\u5c40\u4e4b\u6218\u300b\u3002\u7b2c 5 \u7ae0\u4f1a\u5bf9\u6b64\u505a\u7b80\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
    • \n

      \u5bf9\u8bdd\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u3002\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u4e86\u6709\u7528\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u7406\u89e3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u662f\u5728\u95ee\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6027\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u4eca\u5929\u5929\u6c14\u5982\u4f55\u201d\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u64ad\u653e\u83ab\u624e\u7279\u6b4c\u66f2\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\u7cfb\u7edf\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u5206\u7c7b\u4e3a\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u77e5\u9053\u7528\u6237\u5728\u95ee\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u610f\u56fe\u5206\u7c7b\u5c06\u5728\u7b2c 4 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u8ba8\u8bba\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6f84\u6e05\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u90a3\u91cc\u83b7\u5f97\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u5f04\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u7528\u6237\u7684\u610f\u56fe\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u77e5\u9053\u5e94\u8be5\u91c7\u53d6\u54ea\u4e9b\u5408\u9002\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u6765\u6ee1\u8db3\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u4ece\u7528\u6237\u54cd\u5e94\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u610f\u56fe\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u5305\u62ec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u3001\u64ad\u653e\u97f3\u4e50\u3001\u8c03\u6697\u706f\u5149\u6216\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u6f84\u6e05\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      \u54cd\u5e94\u751f\u6210<\/strong>\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u6839\u636e\u7528\u6237\u610f\u56fe\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u7528\u6237\u5bf9\u8bdd\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8f93\u5165\u6765\u751f\u6210\u5408\u9002\u7684\u6267\u884c\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u524d\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\u4e2d\u68c0\u7d22\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4f7f\u7528\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u751f\u6210\u54cd\u5e94\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u56de\u5e94\u8bf4\uff0c\u201c\u73b0\u5728\u6b63\u5728\u6f14\u594f\u300a\u7b2c 25 \u53f7\u4ea4\u54cd\u66f2\u300b\u201d\u6216\u201c\u706f\u5149\u5df2\u7ecf\u8c03\u6697\u201d\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5b83\u8fd8\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      \u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b80\u77ed\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\u6982\u8ff0\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7ec4\u4ef6\u5982\u4f55\u7ed3\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u6784\u5efa\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u968f\u7740\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ec4\u4ef6\u7684\u7ec6\u8282\u3002\u7b2c 6 \u7ae0\u5c06\u4e13\u95e8\u8ba8\u8bba\u5bf9\u8bdd\u667a\u80fd\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n

      3.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff1f<\/h2>\n

      \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08Natural Language Processing\uff0cNLP)\uff1a\u662f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7684\u4ea4\u53c9\u9886\u57df\u3002\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u8ba9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u5904\u7406\u6216\u201c\u7406\u89e3\u201d\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4ee5\u6267\u884c\u8bed\u8a00\u7ffb\u8bd1\u548c\u95ee\u9898\u56de\u7b54\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n

      NLP\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3(Natural Language Understanding\uff0cNLU) \u548c\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210\uff08Natural Language Generation, NLG\uff09\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3NLU\u65e8\u5728\u5c06\u4eba\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u673a\u5668\u53ef\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u7684\u3001\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u901a\u4fd7\u6765\u8bb2\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u751f\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u751f\u6210NLG\u65e8\u5728\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u6839\u636e\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6570\u636e\u3001\u6587\u672c\u3001\u97f3\u89c6\u9891\u7b49\u751f\u6210\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        4.\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff1f<\/h2>\n

        \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u968f\u6587\u5316\u53d1\u751f\u6f14\u5316\uff0c\u82f1\u8bed\u3001\u6c49\u8bed\u3001\u65e5\u8bed\u90fd\u662f\u5177\u4f53\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5c65\u884c\u7740\u8bed\u8a00\u6700\u539f\u59cb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u4eba\u4eec\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u4e92\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u5a92\u4ecb\u6027\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u8bed\u97f3\uff1a\u4e0e\u53d1\u97f3\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u8bed\u97f3\u6280\u672f\u4e2d\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u97f3\u97f5\uff1a\u7531\u8bed\u97f3\u7ec4\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u7684\u8bfb\u97f3\uff0c\u5373\u6c49\u8bed\u62fc\u97f3\u548c\u56db\u58f0\u8c03\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u8bcd\u6001\uff1a\u5c01\u88c5\u4e86\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6709\u7528\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u7684\u5927\u5c0f\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u4e2d\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u592a\u591a\u7684\u8bcd\u6001\u53d8\u6362\uff0c\u4ec5\u5b58\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u504f\u65c1\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u73b0\u8bcd\u7684\u6027\u522b\u8f6c\u6362\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u53e5\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e3b\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u8bcd\u8bed\u5982\u4f55\u7ec4\u6210\u5408\u4e4e\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\uff0c\u53e5\u6cd5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5355\u8bcd\u7ec4\u6210\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e3a\u8bed\u4e49\u7684\u5408\u6210\u63d0\u4f9b\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/li>\n
        • \u8bed\u4e49\u548c\u8bed\u7528\uff1a\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6240\u5305\u542b\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u610f\u601d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          5.NLP\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b<\/h2>\n

          \u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e3b\u8981\u6b65\u9aa4\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u6587\u672c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728NLP\u6d41\u7a0b\u7684\u521d\u59cb\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u53bb\u9664\u6807\u70b9\u7b26\u53f7\u3001\u505c\u7528\u8bcd\u3001\u5904\u7406\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u5e72\u63d0\u53d6\uff08stemming\uff09\u6216\u8bcd\u5f62\u8fd8\u539f\uff08lemmatization\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u51cf\u5c0f\u6570\u636e\u7ef4\u5ea6\u548c\u7edf\u4e00\u6587\u672c\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/li>\n
          2. \u5206\u8bcd\uff08Tokenization\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u5272\u6210\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u5355\u5143\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8bcd\u8bed\u6216\u5b50\u8bcd\u3002\u5206\u8bcd\u662fNLP\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u6027\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u82f1\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u62c6\u5206\u6210\u8bcd\u8bed\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/li>\n
          3. \u8bcd\u5d4c\u5165\uff08Word Embeddings\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u5206\u8bcd\u540e\u7684\u8bcd\u8bed\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5b9e\u6570\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u5904\u7406\u3002Word Embeddings\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982Word2Vec\u3001GloVe\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u662f\u66f4\u5148\u8fdb\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5982BERT\u3001ELMo\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
          4. \u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\uff08Part-of-Speech Tagging\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u4e3a\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8bed\u6807\u6ce8\u5176\u8bcd\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u540d\u8bcd\u3001\u52a8\u8bcd\u3001\u5f62\u5bb9\u8bcd\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n
          5. \u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\uff08Named Entity Recognition\uff0cNER\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u4eba\u540d\u3001\u5730\u540d\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u540d\u7b49\u3002NER\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4fe1\u606f\u63d0\u53d6\u7b49\u4efb\u52a1\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n
          6. \u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\uff08Parsing\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5206\u6790\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8bc6\u522b\u77ed\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u66f4\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n
          7. \u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\uff08Sentiment Analysis\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5224\u65ad\u6587\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u6b63\u9762\u3001\u8d1f\u9762\u548c\u4e2d\u6027\u3002\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u5728\u793e\u4ea4\u5a92\u4f53\u76d1\u63a7\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u8bc4\u8bba\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u5e94\u7528\u5e7f\u6cdb\u3002<\/li>\n
          8. \u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u5230\u9884\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u4e2d\uff0c\u662fNLP\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5783\u573e\u90ae\u4ef6\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
          9. \u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08Question Answering\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u9488\u5bf9\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ece\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u63d0\u53d6\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u751f\u6210\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4efb\u52a1\u5e38\u7528\u4e8e\u667a\u80fd\u52a9\u624b\u548c\u641c\u7d22\u5f15\u64ce\u7b49\u5e94\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n
          10. \u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff08Machine Translation\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6587\u672c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6587\u672c\uff0c\u662fNLP\u4e2d\u7684\u7ecf\u5178\u95ee\u9898\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/li>\n
          11. \u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/strong> \u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u4efb\u52a1\u5305\u62ec\u6587\u672c\u6458\u8981\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u751f\u6210\u7b49\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u751f\u6210\u7b26\u5408\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u6587\u672c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

            \u8fd9\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\u5728NLP\u4e2d\u4e92\u76f8\u4ea4\u7ec7\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6280\u672f\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u57fa\u4e8e\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u9884\u8bad\u7ec3\u6a21\u578b\uff08\u5982BERT\u3001GPT\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u5174\u8d77\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86NLP\u9886\u57df\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bb8\u591a\u4efb\u52a1\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u663e\u8457\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\u3002<\/p>\n

            6.\u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u5206\u522b\u4f9d\u8d56\u54ea\u4e9b\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h2>\n

            \u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\uff08NLP\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6d41\u7a0b\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/p>\n

            \u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3<\/h4>\n
              \n
            1. \u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8bcd\u5d4c\u5165\uff1a<\/strong> \u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u662f\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u89e3\u6210\u8bcd\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bcd\u8bed\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5b9e\u6570\u5411\u91cf\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u3002\u5206\u8bcd\u548c\u8bcd\u5d4c\u5165\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b65\u9aa4\u7684\u5173\u952e\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7406\u89e3\u8bcd\u8bed\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n
            2. \u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\uff1a<\/strong> \u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u8bcd\u6027\u6807\u6ce8\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8bed\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u547d\u540d\u5b9e\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n
            3. \u53e5\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong> \u53e5\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u5e2e\u52a9\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u77ed\u8bed\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u628a\u63e1\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/li>\n
            4. \u8bed\u4e49\u89d2\u8272\u6807\u6ce8\uff1a<\/strong> \u6807\u6ce8\u8bcd\u8bed\u5728\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u89d2\u8272\uff0c\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u7406\u89e3\u8c13\u8bcd\u548c\u8bba\u5143\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/li>\n
            5. \u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u6587\u672c\u7684\u60c5\u611f\u503e\u5411\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u66f4\u5168\u9762\u5730\u7406\u89e3\u6587\u672c\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n
            6. \u6838\u5fc3ference Resolution\uff1a<\/strong> \u5904\u7406\u4ee3\u8bcd\u548c\u6307\u4ee3\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ee5\u786e\u4fdd\u5728\u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u4e2d\u51c6\u786e\u5730\u8fde\u63a5\u540d\u8bcd\u77ed\u8bed\u548c\u4ee3\u8bcd\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/li>\n
            7. \u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u548c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong> \u5229\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31\u7b49\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e93\uff0c\u8bc6\u522b\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u6269\u5c55\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

              \u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa<\/h4>\n
                \n
              1. \u6587\u672c\u751f\u6210\uff1a<\/strong> \u5229\u7528\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5982\u5faa\u73af\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\uff08RNN\uff09\u6216\u53d8\u6362\u5668\uff08Transformer\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u4efb\u52a1\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u751f\u6210\u3001\u6587\u7ae0\u6458\u8981\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
              2. \u6587\u672c\u5206\u7c7b\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u6587\u672c\u5206\u5230\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7c7b\u522b\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u7763\u5b66\u4e60\u6216\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b66\u4e60\u7b49\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u60c5\u611f\u5206\u6790\u3001\u4e3b\u9898\u5206\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
              3. \u5e8f\u5217\u751f\u6210\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5e8f\u5217\u5230\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u5982\u673a\u5668\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u6a21\u578b\u9700\u8981\u5b66\u4f1a\u5c06\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u672c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u3002<\/li>\n
              4. \u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\uff1a<\/strong> \u9488\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u751f\u6210\u6570\u503c\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6587\u672c\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u56de\u5f52\u5206\u6790\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5728\u4ef7\u683c\u9884\u6d4b\u7b49\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n
              5. \u95ee\u7b54\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a<\/strong> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u95ee\u7b54\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u9002\u5f53\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u9605\u8bfb\u7406\u89e3\u6a21\u578b\u6216\u751f\u6210\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/li>\n
              6. \u6587\u672c\u4fee\u590d\uff1a<\/strong> \u5728\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u81ea\u52a8\u4fee\u590d\u3001\u62fc\u5199\u68c0\u67e5\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n
              7. \u6587\u5b57\u7f16\u8f91\u548c\u589e\u5f3a\uff1a<\/strong> \u751f\u6210\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u7f16\u8f91\u6216\u589e\u5f3a\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u6458\u8981\u751f\u6210\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u98ce\u683c\u8f6c\u6362\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

                \u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u7684\uff0c\u6587\u672c\u7406\u89e3\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5bf9\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u672c\u7684\u6df1\u5c42\u6b21\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u800c\u6587\u672c\u8f93\u51fa\u6d89\u53ca\u5c06\u8fd9\u79cd\u7406\u89e3\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u6216\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u9645\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u7ed3\u5408\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6784\u5efa\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u7684NLP\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n

                7.\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n

                \u4ece\u201c\u8bed\u8a00\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u7684\u5927\u81f4\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u5230\u771f\u5b9e\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u6848\u4f8b\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u672c\u7ae0\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e3b\u9898\u3002\u672c\u7ae0\u8fd8\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5728\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\u548c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u5728\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u63d0\u4f9b\u5168\u4e66\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e24\u7ae0\uff08\u7b2c 2 \u7ae0\u548c\u7b2c 3 \u7ae0\uff09\u5c06\u4ecb\u7ecd\u6784\u5efa\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u6b65\u9aa4\u3002\u7b2c 4~7 \u7ae0\u5173\u6ce8\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u4efb\u52a1\u4ee5\u53ca\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u884c\u4e1a\u7528\u4f8b\u3002\u7b2c 8~10 \u7ae0\u5c06\u8ba8\u8bba\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5728\u7535\u5b50\u5546\u52a1\u3001\u533b\u7597\u4fdd\u5065\u3001\u91d1\u878d\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u5782\u76f4\u884c\u4e1a\u4e2d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u7b2c 11 \u7ae0\u5c06\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\u6c47\u603b\u5230\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5e76\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e86\u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3001\u5f00\u53d1\u3001\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u90e8\u7f72\u65b9\u9762\u6784\u5efa\u7aef\u5230\u7aef\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u53d6\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5168\u9762\u7684\u6982\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u5f00\u59cb\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

                1.\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5 \u89e3\u51b3\u81ea\u7136\u8bed\u8a00\u5904\u7406\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u901a\u5e38\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u7c7b\uff1a\u542f\u53d1\u5f0f\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u672c\u8282\u53ea\u5bf9\u6bcf\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u7b80\u5355\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6982\u5ff5\u5373\u4f7f\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168 \u2026 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[225],"tags":[226],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9110"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9110"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9110\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9111,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9110\/revisions\/9111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9110"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9110"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9110"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}