{"id":8860,"date":"2023-08-29T10:36:28","date_gmt":"2023-08-29T02:36:28","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=8860"},"modified":"2023-08-29T14:44:04","modified_gmt":"2023-08-29T06:44:04","slug":"python%e7%bc%96%e8%af%91%e5%99%a8%ef%bc%9a%e4%bb%8east%e5%88%b0%e5%ad%97%e8%8a%82%e7%a0%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=8860","title":{"rendered":"python\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\uff1a\u4eceAST\u5230\u5b57\u8282\u7801"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5bab\u6587\u5b66\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u6765\u7814\u7a76 Python \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u3002\u5b66\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb2\u4ee5\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u80fd\u56de\u7b54\u51fa\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u50cf Python \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u90fd\u8981\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e8b\u60c5\u5462\uff0c\u8ddf Java \u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Python \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u7279\u70b9\uff1f\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u8ddf Java \u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e0d\u540c\uff1f<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u5427\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\u4ece AST \u5230\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/h2>\n<p>Python \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u628a\u8bcd\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u548c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5206\u6790\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u89e3\u6790\uff08Parse\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u653e\u5728 Parser \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u800c\u4ece AST \u5230\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u624d\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u7f16\u8bd1\uff08Compile\uff09\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u662f\u6bd4\u8f83\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u4f60\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f Python \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4e5f\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u6765\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u7814\u7a76\u8fc7\u7684 Java \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u719f\u6089\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6c47\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u9605\u8bfb\u82f1\u6587\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Python \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e3b\u5e72\u4ee3\u7801\u662f\u5728 Python\/compile.c \u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u5b8c\u6210 5 \u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u68c0\u67e5future \u8bed\u53e5\u3002future \u8bed\u53e5\u662f Python \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u8ba9\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u63d0\u524d\u4f7f\u7528\u672a\u6765\u7248\u672c\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u63d0\u524d\u9002\u5e94\u8bed\u6cd5\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u7684\u6539\u53d8\u3002\u8fd9\u663e\u7136\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u5230\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5982\u4f55\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u201c8\/7\u201d\uff0c\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7248\u672c\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u53bb\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u3002\u6709\u7684\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6574\u6570\u201c1\u201d\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u6d6e\u70b9\u6570\u201c1.14285\u2026\u201d\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5185\u90e8\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u8c03\u7528\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9664\u6cd5\u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\uff0c\u4e3a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4ea7\u751f\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u56db\u6b65\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u628a\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u7ec4\u88c5\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\uff0c\u5bf9\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u505a\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u5b83\u662f Python \u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u7f16\u8bd1\u6280\u672f\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u91cd\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u91cc\u7565\u8fc7\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4ece\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5f00\u59cb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\uff1a\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u548c\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3<\/h2>\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u9636\u6bb5\u9996\u5148\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u505a\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3\u548c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c Python \u662f\u52a8\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u7c7b\u578b\u68c0\u67e5\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3\u8fd8\u662f\u8981\u505a\u7684\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cPython \u7684\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3\u6709\u5176\u72ec\u7279\u4e4b\u5904\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b Python \u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u5728 <code>Include\/symtable.h<\/code> \u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u7684\u6761\u76ee\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829094312317.png\" alt=\"image-20230829094312317\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a Python \u6587\u4ef6\uff09\u4f1a\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\uff08symtable\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u88ab\u5212\u5206\u6210\u201c\u5757\uff08block\uff09\u201d\uff0c\u5757\u5206\u4e3a\u4e09\u79cd\uff1a\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u6bcf\u79cd\u5757\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\uff0c\u800c\u5728 Python \u91cc\u9762\u8fd8\u53eb\u505a\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6761\u76ee\uff08PySTEntryObject\uff09\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u91cc\u5b58\u6709\u8be5\u5757\u91cc\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7b26\u53f7\uff08ste_symbols\uff09\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u5757\uff08ste_children\uff09\uff0c\u6784\u6210\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u91cc\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a st_blocks \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u5b83\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u7684 AST \u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u67e5\u627e\u5230 Python \u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6761\u76ee\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5c31\u628a AST \u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5173\u8054\u5728\u4e86\u4e00\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6837\u5b50\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">a = 2 #\u6a21\u5757\u7ea7\u53d8\u91cf\nclass myclass:\n    def __init__(self, x):\n        self.x = x\n\n    def foo(self, b):\n        c = a + self.x + b #\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cfa\n        return c<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6709\u6a21\u5757\u3001\u7c7b\u548c\u51fd\u6570\u4e09\u4e2a\u7ea7\u522b\u7684\u5757\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u6761\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6761\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095000345.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095000345\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5757\u91cc\u90fd\u6709 ste_symbols \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86\u672c\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff08flags\uff09\u3002\u5173\u4e8e\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\uff0c\u6211\u4e0b\u9762\u4f1a\u7ed9\u4f60\u89e3\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u770b\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u53d6\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095103197.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095103197\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u770b\u9488\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u91cc\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u53d6\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<p>\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u7684\u4e3b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u662f Python\/symtable.c \u4e2d\u7684 PySymtable_BuildObject() \u51fd\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Python \u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u505a\u4e24\u904d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095227266.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095227266\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u7b2c\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u505a\u4e86\u4e24\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2a\u7684\u5757\uff08\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u6761\u76ee\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u6811\u72b6\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u90a3\u6837\uff1b\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7ed9\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u6253\u4e0a\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u8bb0\uff08flag\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u7528 GDB \u8ddf\u8e2a\u4e00\u4e0b\u7b2c\u4e00\u904d\u5904\u7406\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u5728 Python \u7684 REPL \u4e2d\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095347981.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095347981\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u5728 symtable_add_def_helper() \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86\u65ad\u70b9\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\u5f53\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5904\u7406\u5230 foo \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u6211\u5728 GDB \u4e2d\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095410624.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095410624\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u524d\u9762\u6211\u7ed9\u4f60\u6574\u7406\u7684\u8868\u683c\u4e2d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u53d6\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u91cd\u70b9\u60f3\u8ba9\u4f60\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u662f foo \u5757\u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4fe1\u606f\uff1aself \u548c b \u662f 20\uff0cc \u662f 2\uff0ca \u662f 16\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">ste_symbols = {&#039;self&#039;: 20, &#039;b&#039;: 20, &#039;c&#039;: 2, &#039;a&#039;: 16}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b symtable.h \u4e2d\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095539304.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095539304\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u7ed9\u4f60\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u56fe\uff0c\u4f60\u53c2\u8003\u4e00\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829095626427.png\" alt=\"image-20230829095626427\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0 self \u548c b\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\u4e86 3 \u53f7\u4f4d\u548c 5 \u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5728 foo \u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u800c a \u53ea\u6807\u8bb0\u4e86 5 \u53f7\u4f4d\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f a \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728 foo \u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u6765\u81ea\u5916\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u770b\u770b c\uff0cc \u53ea\u5728 2 \u53f7\u4f4d\u88ab\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5728 foo \u91cc\u88ab\u8d4b\u503c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u904d\u5904\u7406\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7b2c\u4e00\u904d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u77e5\u9053\u54ea\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u672c\u5730\u58f0\u660e\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u672c\u5757\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f7f\u7528\u3001\u54ea\u51e0\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u662f\u51fd\u6570\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u662f\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u7684\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728 foo \u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86 a\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5916\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u9700\u8981\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u505a\u4e00\u4e0b\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd8\u6709\uff0c\u53d8\u91cf c \u662f\u5728 foo \u4e2d\u8d4b\u503c\u7684\u3002\u90a3\u5b83\u662f\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>Python \u8bed\u8a00\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\u7531\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u5728\u8d4b\u503c\u524d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u7528\u663e\u5f0f\u58f0\u660e\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd9\u662f\u65b0\u58f0\u660e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u5916\u90e8\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b63\u7531\u4e8e Python \u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7279\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u5728\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u60f3\u8981\u5728\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7ed9\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0 global \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u53d8\u91cf\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u7ed9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7b26\u53f7\u7684 1 \u53f7\u4f4d\u505a\u6807\u8bb0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c\u5982\u679c\u7ed9\u5176\u4ed6\u5916\u90e8\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u4e2d\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8d4b\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5fc5\u987b\u52a0 nonlocal \u5173\u952e\u5b57\uff0c\u5e76\u5728 3 \u53f7\u4f4d\u4e0a\u505a\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u8be5\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u81ea\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5728\u95ed\u5305\u529f\u80fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8fd8\u8981\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u505a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u505a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904d\u7684\u5206\u6790\uff08\u89c1 symtable_analyze() \u51fd\u6570\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u904d\u5206\u6790\u91cc\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u6211\u4eec\u521a\u624d\u8bf4\u7684 Python \u5173\u4e8e\u53d8\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u5206\u6790\u51fa\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u53d8\u91cf\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4fe1\u606f\u4e5f\u4f1a\u88ab\u653e\u5230\u7b26\u53f7\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u7684\u7b2c 12~15 \u4f4d\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">ste_symbols = {&#039;self&#039;: 2068, &#039;b&#039;: 2068, &#039;c&#039;: 2050, &#039;a&#039;: 6160}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829100003658.png\" alt=\"image-20230829100003658\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u53d8\u91cf a \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u503c\u662f 6160\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u7684 1100000010000\u3002\u5176\u6807\u8bb0\u4f4d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5982\u4e0b\uff0c\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u662f 3\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0ca \u662f\u4e2a\u9690\u5f0f\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u800c self\u3001b \u548c c \u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u6807\u5fd7\u4f4d\u90fd\u662f 1\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u601d\u662f\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829100125287.png\" alt=\"image-20230829100125287\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u904d\u7684\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cPython \u4e5f\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bed\u4e49\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u641c\u7d22\u4e00\u4e0b Python\/symtable.c \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201cnonlocal declaration not allowed at module level\uff08\u5728\u6a21\u5757\u7ea7\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u975e\u672c\u5730\u58f0\u660e\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u5916\uff0cPython \u8bed\u8a00\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u7684 API\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u4f60\u76f4\u63a5\u5728 REPL \u4e2d\uff0c\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u751f\u6210\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u8003\u6211\u7684\u5c4f\u5e55\u622a\u56fe\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829100224056.png\" alt=\"image-20230829100224056\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e AST \u548c\u7b26\u53f7\u8868\uff0cPython \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u751f\u6210 CFG \u548c\u6307\u4ee4<\/h2>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528 Python \u8c03\u7528\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684 API\uff0c\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u751f\u6210\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">>&gt;&gt; co = compile(&quot;a+2&quot;, &quot;test.py&quot;, &quot;eval&quot;) \/\/\u7f16\u8bd1\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f&quot;a+2&quot;\n\n>&gt;&gt; dis.dis(co.co_code) \/\/\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u5b57\u8282\u7801\n        0 LOAD_NAME 0 (0) \/\/\u88c5\u8f7d\u53d8\u91cfa\n        2 LOAD_CONST 0 (0) \/\/\u88c5\u8f7d\u5e38\u65702\n        4 BINARY_ADD \/\/\u6267\u884c\u52a0\u6cd5\n        6 RETURN_VALUE \/\/\u8fd4\u56de\u503c<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5176\u4e2d\u7684 LOAD_NAME\u3001LOAD_CONST\u3001BINARY_ADD \u548c RETURN_VALUE \u90fd\u662f\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0cJava \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u957f\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8d85\u8fc7 2 \u7684 8 \u6b21\u65b9\uff08256\uff09\u4e2a\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Python \u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u957f\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\uff08word\uff09\u7684\u957f\u5ea6\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4ecd\u7136\u4e60\u60ef\u4e0a\u79f0\u4e3a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002Python \u7684\u5728\u7ebf\u6587\u6863\u91cc\u6709\u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u5c31\u4e0d\u5c55\u5f00\u4e86\uff0c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u8bdd\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u53bb\u770b\u770b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e76\u4e14\uff0cPython \u548c Java \u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6808\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u4e5f\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u52a0\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5e26\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u53d6\u51fa\u6808\u9876\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u76f8\u52a0\uff0c\u628a\u7ed3\u679c\u518d\u653e\u56de\u6808\u9876\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5f02\u540c\u70b9\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8bd5\u7740\u5206\u6790\u4e00\u4e0b\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829100745754.png\" alt=\"image-20230829100745754\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6837\u5bf9\u6bd4\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u5728\u4e8e\uff0cJava \u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c Python \u5219\u4e0d\u52a0\u533a\u5206\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a Python \u5bf9\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u90fd\u4f1a\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u4e00\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u7684 IR\uff0c\u662f\u8ddf\u8fd9\u95e8\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u751f\u6210 CFG \u548c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5728 Python\/compile.c \u4e2d\u3002\u8c03\u7528\u987a\u5e8f\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829100857220.png\" alt=\"image-20230829100857220\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u603b\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u662f\uff1a\u4ee5 visit \u6a21\u5f0f\u904d\u5386\u6574\u4e2a AST\uff0c\u5e76\u5efa\u7acb\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u548c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u79cd AST \u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u90fd\u7531\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u6765\u5904\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5 compiler_visit_expr1() \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u9012\u5f52\u5730\u904d\u5386\u5de6\u4fa7\u5b50\u6811\u548c\u53f3\u4fa7\u5b50\u6811\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u7ed3\u679c\u6dfb\u52a0\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-objectivec\">compiler_visit_expr1(struct compiler *c, expr_ty e)\n{\n    switch (e-&gt;kind) {\n        ...\n        .\n    case BinOp_kind:\n        VISIT(c, expr, e-&gt;v.BinOp.left); \/\/\u904d\u5386\u5de6\u4fa7\u5b50\u6811\n        VISIT(c, expr, e-&gt;v.BinOp.right); \/\/\u904d\u5386\u53f3\u4fa7\u5b50\u6811\n        ADDOP(c, binop(c, e-&gt;v.BinOp.op)); \/\/\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\nbreak;\n...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n<p>\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5728\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f5c\u7528\u57df\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u51fd\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u751f\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002\u800c\u50cf\u5faa\u73af\u8bed\u53e5\u3001if \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u989d\u5916\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4f1a\u5728 compiler \u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u76f8\u4e92\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u6784\u6210 CFG\uff1b\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4e2d\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u7ec4\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u53c8\u5305\u542b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7801\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829101304797.png\" alt=\"image-20230829101304797\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u76f4\u89c2\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u6211\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002foo \u51fd\u6570\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a if \u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u591a\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">def foo(a):\n    if a &gt; 10 :\n        b = a\n    else:\n        b = 10\n    return b<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 GDB \u8ddf\u8e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5b83\u751f\u6210\u7684 CFG \u5982\u4e0b\u56fe\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829101731697.png\" alt=\"image-20230829101731697\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728 CFG \u91cc\uff0c\u4f60\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u4e24\u7ec4\u7bad\u5934\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9e\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u7528 b_next \u5b57\u6bb5\u6765\u6807\u8bb0\u3002\u865a\u7ebf\u7bad\u5934\u80fd\u591f\u57fa\u4e8e b_list \u5b57\u6bb5\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4e32\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u94fe\u8868\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u751f\u6210\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u6307\u5411\u524d\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u9488\u6307\u5411\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u6240\u6709\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 GDB \u6765\u67e5\u770b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5206\u522b\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u4f1a\u7406\u89e3\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u5230\u5e95\u5e72\u4e86\u5565\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\u6211\u8fd9\u91cc\u5148\u7ed9\u4f60\u7559\u4e2a\u5c0f\u4f0f\u7b14\uff0c\u5728\u4e0b\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u8282\u8bb2\u6c47\u7f16\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4e00\u8d77\u7ed9\u4f60\u4ecb\u7ecd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u4e86 CFG \u548c\u9488\u5bf9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u6570\u7ec4\u3002\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6210\u6700\u540e\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u662f\u7531\u6c47\u7f16\uff08Assembly\uff09\u9636\u6bb5\u8d1f\u8d23\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u6c47\u7f16\uff08Assembly\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u6c47\u7f16\u8fc7\u7a0b\u662f\u5728 Python\/compiler.c \u4e2d\u7684 assemble() \u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u3002\u542c\u540d\u5b57\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u611f\u89c9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9636\u6bb5\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5e94\u8be5\u6bd4\u8f83\u50cf\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4e5f\u786e\u5b9e\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u6c47\u7f16\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u5668\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u751f\u6210\u673a\u5668\u7801\uff1b\u800c Python \u7684\u6c47\u7f16\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u662f\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u6210\u76ee\u6807\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6c47\u7f16\u9636\u6bb5\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u5b8c\u6210\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4efb\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u628a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5bf9\u8c61\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u628a\u6240\u6709\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u62fc\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684 jump \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u4e9b\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u5b9a\u4f4d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5f80\u524d\u8df3\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u504f\u79fb\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u751f\u6210 PyCodeObject \u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5bf9\u8c61\u91cc\u4fdd\u5b58\u7740\u6700\u540e\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8f85\u52a9\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e Python \u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u6267\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u793a\u4f8b\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u6765\u76f4\u89c2\u5730\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u6c47\u7f16\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6210\u679c\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u7167\u4e0b\u56fe\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 instaviz \u5de5\u5177\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b foo \u51fd\u6570\u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829102103644.png\" alt=\"image-20230829102103644\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5728 PyCodeObject \u5bf9\u8c61\u4e2d\uff0cco_code \u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u751f\u6210\u7684\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff08\u7528 16 \u8fdb\u5236\u663e\u793a\uff09\u3002\u4f60\u8fd8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5e38\u91cf\u8868\u548c\u53d8\u91cf\u8868\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5728\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829102130123.png\" alt=\"image-20230829102130123\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u628a co_code \u5b57\u6bb5\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u4e32\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u53cd\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829102208315.png\" alt=\"image-20230829102208315\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u4e00\u5171 11 \u6761\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d BB1 \u662f 7 \u6761\uff0cBB2 \u548c BB3 \u5404 2 \u6761\u3002BB1 \u91cc\u9762\u662f If \u6761\u4ef6\u548c if \u5757\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cBB2 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u662f else \u5757\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0cBB3 \u5219\u5bf9\u5e94 return \u8bed\u53e5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5bf9\u7167\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u4f60\u5176\u5b9e\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cBB1 \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bed\u53e5\u505a\u8df3\u8f6c\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u53e5\u90fd\u662f\u987a\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u7684\u3002\u800c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u7b2c 4 \u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u201cPOP_JUMP_IF_FALSE 14\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Python \u628a CFG \u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u95f4\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u57fa\u4e8e CFG \u505a\u6570\u636e\u6d41\u5206\u6790\u548c\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u867d\u7136\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u4e0d\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5bf9 Python \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5e76\u65e0\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f60\u8fd8\u4f1a\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7b2c 7 \u884c\u6307\u4ee4\u201cJUMP_FORWARD\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u4ee4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u57fa\u4e8e\u76f8\u5bf9\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7684\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5b83\u5f80\u524d\u8df3 4 \u4e2a\u5b57\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u8df3\u5230 BB3\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8df3\u8f6c\u8ddd\u79bb\u5c31\u662f\u5728 assemble \u9636\u6bb5\u53bb\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4f60\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u6392\u5217\u5404\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u597d\u4e86\uff0c\u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u5df2\u7ecf\u751f\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5728\u6700\u540e\u653e\u5230\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u91cc\u6267\u884c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8fd8\u4f1a\u518d\u505a\u4e00\u6b65\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316<\/h2>\n<p>\u8bf4\u5230\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u603b\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5728\u7f16\u8bd1\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0cPython \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u529f\u80fd\u662f\u5f88\u6709\u9650\u7684\u3002\u5728 compiler.c \u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\u4f18\u5316\u903b\u8f91\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u5728\u4e3a if \u8bed\u53e5\u751f\u6210\u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u5c31\u4f1a\u770b\u770b if \u6761\u4ef6\u662f\u5426\u662f\u4e2a\u5e38\u6570\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u751f\u6210 if \u5757\u6216\u8005 else \u5757\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/image-20230829102553628.png\" alt=\"image-20230829102553628\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f18\u5316\u673a\u4f1a\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u73b0\u662f\u5728 Python\/peephole.c \u4e2d\u3002\u5b83\u80fd\u5b8c\u6210\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u628a\u591a\u4e2a LOAD_CONST \u6307\u4ee4\u66ff\u6362\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u52a0\u8f7d\u5e38\u6570\u5143\u7ec4\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8df3\u5230 return \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\u76f4\u63a5\u66ff\u6362\u6210 return \u6307\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u8df3\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6761\u4ef6\u8df3\u8f6c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u57fa\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u505a\u4f18\u5316\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u201cx:JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP y\u201d\u548c\u201cy:JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP z\u201d\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u201cx:JUMP_IF_FALSE_OR_POP z\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u5462\uff1f\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u6808\u9876\u7684\u503c\u505a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3a false \u5c31\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 y\u3002\u800c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u53e5\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u4f9d\u636e\u6808\u9876\u7684\u503c\u505a\u5224\u65ad\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e3a false \u5c31\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 z\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u7b80\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u4ece\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u8df3\u8f6c\u5230 z\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u53bb\u6389 return \u6307\u4ee4\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5728\u505a\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\u5668\u4f1a\u53bb\u6389\u539f\u6765\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709\u591a\u4f59\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u5148\u586b\u5145 NOP \u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u505a\u4efb\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6700\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u626b\u63cf\u4e00\u904d\u6574\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u628a NOP \u6307\u4ee4\u53bb\u6389\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8c03\u6574\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u7684 jump \u6307\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u8bfe\u7a0b\u5c0f\u7ed3<\/h2>\n<p>\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u7d22 Python \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u4e4b\u65c5\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u8bb0\u4f4f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u70b9\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Python \u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a<strong>\u5efa\u7acb\u7b26\u53f7\u8868<\/strong>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6765\u505a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u505a\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u8bed\u4e49\u68c0\u67e5\u3002\u7531\u4e8e Python \u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u58f0\u660e\u53d8\u91cf\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u8981\u80fd\u8bc6\u522b\u51fa\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u201c\u5b9a\u4e49 - \u4f7f\u7528\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801<\/strong>\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u751f\u6210 CFG\u3001\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u5757\u751f\u6210\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u628a\u6307\u4ee4\u6c47\u7f16\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\uff0c\u5e76\u751f\u6210 PyCodeObject \u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><strong>\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\u5668<\/strong>\u5728\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f18\u5316\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4f1a\u8ba9\u4f60\u5bf9\u7aa5\u5b54\u4f18\u5316\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u53d8\u5f97\u5177\u8c61\u8d77\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u60ef\u4f8b\uff0c\u6211\u628a\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb2\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u5bfc\u56fe\u4e5f\u6574\u7406\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u4f9b\u4f60\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<\/p>\n<p><img src=\"https:\/\/lemon-guess.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com\/img\/%E4%B8%8B%E8%BD%BD.jpg\" alt=\"\u4e0b\u8f7d\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>\u4e00\u8bfe\u4e00\u601d<\/h2>\n<p>\u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u51fd\u6570\u4e2d\u7684\u672c\u5730\u53d8\u91cf\uff0cPython \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u6ca1\u6709\u50cf Java \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u6dfb\u52a0\u7b26\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u8fb9\u505a\u5f15\u7528\u6d88\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u8bf7\u5728\u7559\u8a00\u533a\u5206\u4eab\u4f60\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u89c9\u5f97\u6709\u6536\u83b7\uff0c\u6b22\u8fce\u4f60\u628a\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5206\u4eab\u7ed9\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u53c2\u8003\u8d44\u6599<\/h2>\n<p>Python\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u8bf4\u660e\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/pythonjishu.com\/tbeqqtndocfmdyb\/\">\u8be6\u89e3python\u5b57\u8282\u7801 - Python\u6280\u672f\u7ad9 (pythonjishu.com)<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f60\u597d\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u5bab\u6587\u5b66\u3002 \u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u4e00\u8bb2\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7ee7\u7eed\u6765\u7814\u7a76 Python \u7684\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u770b\u770b\u5b83\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u8bed\u4e49\u5206\u6790\u7684\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u751f\u6210\u5b57\u8282\u7801\u7684\u3002\u5b66\u5b8c\u8fd9\u4e00   \u2026 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[194],"tags":[195,16],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8860"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8860"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8860\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8875,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8860\/revisions\/8875"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}