\u5728 \u63d0\u793a<\/strong> \u5229\u7528\u597d \u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u4e2d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728 \u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5c31\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u5c5e\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9 \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u5f53<\/p>\n \u7236\u7c7b<\/p>\n \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u80fd\u6ee1\u8db3\u5b50\u7c7b\u9700\u6c42\u65f6,\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c<\/p>\n \u91cd\u5199(override)<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u91cd\u5199new\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u975e\u5e38\u56fa\u5b9a <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u6848\u4f8b\u6f14\u793a<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u6a21\u5757\u522b\u540d\u5e94\u8be5\u7b26\u5408\u5927\u9a7c\u5cf0\u547d\u540d\u6cd5 <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u5bfc\u5165\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5de5\u5177 \u2013 \u5168\u5c40\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u51fd\u6570\u3001\u7c7b \u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u5728\u540c\u540d\u51fd\u6570<\/strong>,\u90a3\u4e48\u540e\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u8986\u76d6<\/strong>\u5148\u5bfc\u5165\u7684\u51fd\u6570 <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u590d\u5236<\/p>\n \u6709\u5173\u5b57\u5178\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u53c2\u9605\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9\uff1a<\/p>\nPython<\/code> \u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n
.<\/code>\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b TAB<\/code> \u952e\uff0ciPython<\/code> \u4f1a\u63d0\u793a\u8be5\u5bf9\u8c61\u80fd\u591f\u8c03\u7528\u7684 \u65b9\u6cd5\u5217\u8868<\/strong><\/li>\ndir<\/code> \u4f20\u5165 \u6807\u8bc6\u7b26<\/strong> \/ \u6570\u636e<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u770b\u5bf9\u8c61\u5185\u7684 \u6240\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u53ca\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n__\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d__<\/code> \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f Python<\/code> \u63d0\u4f9b\u7684 \u5185\u7f6e\u65b9\u6cd5 \/ \u5c5e\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n
\n \n\u5e8f\u53f7<\/th>\n \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d<\/th>\n \u7c7b\u578b<\/th>\n \u4f5c\u7528<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n \n 01<\/td>\n new<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u8c61\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab \u81ea\u52a8 \u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 02<\/td>\n init<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab \u81ea\u52a8 \u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 03<\/td>\n del<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u5bf9\u8c61\u88ab\u4ece\u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u9500\u6bc1\u524d\uff0c\u4f1a\u88ab \u81ea\u52a8 \u8c03\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 04<\/td>\n str<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u8fd4\u56de\u5bf9\u8c61\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\uff0cprint \u51fd\u6570\u8f93\u51fa\u4f7f\u7528<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 05<\/td>\n file<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u8fd4\u56de\u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u8def\u5f84<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n \n 06<\/td>\n name<\/strong><\/td>\n \u65b9\u6cd5<\/td>\n \u6d4b\u8bd5\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u53ea\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fd0\u884c,\u88ab\u5bfc\u5165\u65f6\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c!<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n \n
dir()<\/code> \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u5728\u5b66\u4e60\u65f6\u5f88\u591a\u5185\u5bb9\u5c31\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6b7b\u8bb0\u786c\u80cc\u4e86 <\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5 \u2014\u2014\u540c\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u521d\u59cb\u503c<\/h4>\n
__init__<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c \u6539\u9020<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
__init__<\/code> \u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\nself.\u5c5e\u6027 = \u5f62\u53c2<\/code> \u63a5\u6536\u5916\u90e8\u4f20\u9012\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/li>\n\u7c7b\u540d(\u5c5e\u60271, \u5c5e\u60272...)<\/code> \u8c03\u7528<\/li>\n<\/ol>\nclass Cat:\n\n def __init__(self, name):\n print("\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u65b9\u6cd5 %s" % name)\n self.name = name\n ...\n\ntom = Cat("Tom")\n...\n\nlazy_cat = Cat("\u5927\u61d2\u732b")\n...<\/code><\/pre>\n\u79c1\u6709\u5c5e\u6027\u548c\u79c1\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\n
self.__age = 18\ndef __scret(self):\n pass<\/code><\/pre>\n\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u548c\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5<\/h4>\n
\n
# \u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\n@classmethod\ndef \u65b9\u6cd5\u540d(cls):\n pass\n\n# \u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\n@staticmethod\ndef \u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5\u540d():\n pass<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5c01\u88c5<\/h3>\n
\n
class HouseItem:\n\n def __init__(self, name, area):\n """\n\n :param name: \u5bb6\u5177\u540d\u79f0\n :param area: \u5360\u5730\u9762\u79ef\n """\n self.name = name\n self.area = area\n\n def __str__(self):\n return "[%s] \u5360\u5730\u9762\u79ef %.2f" % (self.name, self.area)\n\n# 1. \u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u5177\nbed = HouseItem("\u5e2d\u68a6\u601d", 4)\nchest = HouseItem("\u8863\u67dc", 2)\ntable = HouseItem("\u9910\u684c", 1.5)\n\nprint(bed)\nprint(chest)\nprint(table)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u7ee7\u627f and \u591a\u7ee7\u627f<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
# \u5355\u7ee7\u627f\nclass \u7c7b\u540d(\u7236\u7c7b\u540d):\n pass\n# \u591a\u7ee7\u627f\nclass \u7c7b\u540d(\u7236\u7c7b\u540d,\u7236\u7c7b\u540d):\n pass<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
super()<\/code>.\u7236\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8c03\u7528\u7236\u7c7b\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u6267\u884c<\/li>\nsuper()<\/code>\u5c31\u662fsuper<\/code>\u7c7b\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61 <\/li>\n\u591a\u6001<\/h3>\n
\n
class Dog:\n def __init__(self, name):\n self.name = name\n\n def game(self):\n print("%s \u8e66\u8df3\u73a9" % self.name)\n\nclass XiaoTianDog(Dog):\n def game(self):\n print("%s \u8fb9\u98de\u8fb9\u8e66\u8df3\u73a9" % self.name)\n\nclass Person:\n def __init__(self, name):\n self.name = name\n\n def game_width_dog(self, dog):\n print("%s \u4e0e %s \u4e00\u8d77\u73a9\u800d" % (self.name, dog.name))\n dog.game()\n\nxiaoming = Person("\u5c0f\u660e")\nxiaotianquan = XiaoTianDog("\u54ee\u5929\u72ac")\nxiaoming.game_width_dog(xiaotianquan)\nwangcai = Dog("\u65fa\u8d22")\nxiaoming.game_width_dog(wangcai)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5c0f\u660e \u4e0e \u54ee\u5929\u72ac \u4e00\u8d77\u73a9\u800d\n\u54ee\u5929\u72ac \u8fb9\u98de\u8fb9\u8e66\u8df3\u73a9\n\u5c0f\u660e \u4e0e \u65fa\u8d22 \u4e00\u8d77\u73a9\u800d\n\u65fa\u8d22 \u8e66\u8df3\u73a9<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5355\u4f8b<\/h3>\n
\n
\n
\n
\u7c7b\u540d()<\/code>\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5730\u5740\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n
\n
\n
__new__<\/code>\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981return super().__new__(cls)<\/code> <\/li>\n__new__<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u65b9\u6cd5,\u5728\u8c03\u7528\u65f6\u9700\u8981\u4e3b\u52a8\u4f20\u9012cls<\/code>\u53c2\u6570 <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
class MusicPlayer:\n instance = None\n init_flag = False\n\n def __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):\n if cls.instance is None:\n cls.instance = super().__new__(cls)\n return cls.instance\n\n def __init__(self):\n if MusicPlayer.init_flag:\n return\n print("\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64ad\u653e\u5668")\n MusicPlayer.init_flag = True\n\nplayer1 = MusicPlayer()\nprint(player1)\nplayer2 = MusicPlayer()\nprint(player2)\n# \u8fd0\u884c\u7ed3\u679c\n\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u64ad\u653e\u5668\n<__main__.MusicPlayer object at 0x0000017824D39A20>\n<__main__.MusicPlayer object at 0x0000017824D39A20><\/code><\/pre>\n\u5f02\u5e38<\/h3>\n
\n
try:\n \u5c1d\u8bd5\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\nexcept:\n \u51fa\u73b0\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u5904\u7406<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
python<\/code>\u89e3\u91ca\u5668\u629b\u51fa\u5f02\u5e38<\/strong>\u65f6,\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u884c<\/strong>\u9519\u8bef\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u8bcd<\/strong>,\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\ntry:\n pass\nexcept \u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b1:\n pass\nexcept (\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b2,\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b3):\n pass\n# \u6355\u83b7\u672a\u77e5\u9519\u8bef\nexcept Exception as result:\n print("\u672a\u77e5\u9519\u8bef %s" % result)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
try:\n pass\nexcept \u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b1:\n pass\nexcept (\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b2,\u9519\u8bef\u7c7b\u578b3):\n pass\nexcept Exception as result:\n print("\u672a\u77e5\u9519\u8bef %s" % result)\nelse:\n # \u6ca1\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u624d\u4f1a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\n pass\nfinally:\n # \u5fc5\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\n pass<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
def demo1():\n return int(input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6574\u6570"))\n\ndef demo2():\n demo1()\n\ntry:\n print(demo2())\nexcept Exception as result:\n print(result)<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/blockquote>\n
\n
raise<\/code>\u5f02\u5e38<\/li>\n<\/ul>\ndef input_password():\n pwd = input("\u8bf7\u8f93\u5165\u5bc6\u7801")\n if len(pwd) >= 8:\n return pwd\n ex = Exception("\u5bc6\u7801\u957f\u5ea6\u4e0d\u591f")\n raise ex\n\ntry:\n\n print(input_password())\nexcept Exception as result:\n print(result)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n
\n
as<\/code>\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u7684\u522b\u540d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nimport \u6a21\u5757\u540d1 as \u6a21\u5757\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
from \u6a21\u5757\u540d1 import \u5de5\u5177\u540d<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
\n
from \u6a21\u5757\u540d1 import *<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
__name<\/code> \u5c5e\u6027\u517c\u987e\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u5bfc\u5165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\ndef main():\n pass\nif __name__ == "__main__":\n main<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
__file__<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u6240\u5728\u8def\u5f84<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nimport my_package\nprint(my_package.__file__)<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5305<\/h3>\n
__inti__.py<\/code><\/pre>\n\n
__inti__.py<\/code>\u4e2d\u6307\u5b9a\u5bf9\u5916\u754c\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u5217\u8868<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n# \u4ece \u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55 \u5bfc\u5165 \u6a21\u5757\u5217\u8868\nfrom . import ...\n# \u793a\u4f8b\nfrom .send import send_message<\/code><\/pre>\n\u5236\u4f5c\u53d1\u5e03\u538b\u7f29\u5305<\/h3>\n
1) \u521b\u5efa setup.py<\/h4>\n
\n
setup.py<\/code> \u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nfrom distutils.core import setup\n\nsetup(name="hm_message", # \u5305\u540d\n version="1.0", # \u7248\u672c\n description="ssm's \u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u5757", # \u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\n long_description="\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u6d88\u606f\u6a21\u5757", # \u5b8c\u6574\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f\n author="ssm", # \u4f5c\u8005\n author_email="1600767556@qq.com", # \u4f5c\u8005\u90ae\u7bb1\n url="www.shaoshaossm.github.io", # \u4e3b\u9875\n py_modules=["hm_message.send_message",\n "hm_message.receive_message"])<\/code><\/pre>\n