{"id":865,"date":"2022-06-13T17:11:49","date_gmt":"2022-06-13T09:11:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/47.98.165.52\/?p=865"},"modified":"2022-06-19T21:23:08","modified_gmt":"2022-06-19T13:23:08","slug":"python%e4%b8%ad%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e7%9a%84%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e5%86%99%e6%b3%95","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=865","title":{"rendered":"Python\u4e2d\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5199\u6cd5"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f83\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6a21\u5757\u4ee3\u7801\u4e2d\u91cd\u590d\u51fa\u73b0\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u6301\u6838\u5fc3\u4ee3\u7801\u6574\u6d01\u3002<\/p>\n<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5199\u6210\u4e00\u4e2a .py \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 settings.py \u6216 config.py\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u597d\u5904\u5c31\u662f\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e0b\u76f4\u63a5\u901a\u8fc7 import \u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u5f53\u4e2d\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff1b\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5728\u5176\u4ed6\u975e Python \u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u8fdb\u884c\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u5171\u4eab\u65f6\uff0c\u5199\u6210\u5355\u4e2a .py \u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u5e94\u8be5\u9009\u62e9\u901a\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u6765\u4f5c\u4e3a\u5b58\u50a8\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u76ee\u524d\u5e38\u7528\u4e14\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u4e3b\u8981\u6709 ini\u3001json\u3001toml\u3001yaml\u3001xml \u7b49\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u6216\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u5e93\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3002<\/p>\n

ini<\/strong><\/h2>\n

ini \u5373 Initialize \u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e4b\u610f\uff0c\u65e9\u671f\u662f\u5728 Windows \u4e0a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u683c\u5f0f\u3002ini \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u8282\uff08Section\uff09\u3001\u952e\uff08key\uff09\u548c\u503c\uff08value\uff09\u7ec4\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n

[localdb]\nhost     = 127.0.0.1\nuser     = root\npassword = 123456\nport     = 3306\ndatabase = mysql<\/code><\/pre>\n
Python \u672c\u8eab\u5185\u7f6e\u7684 configparser \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u5bf9 ini \u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u3002\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a db.ini \u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u4f7f\u7528 read() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\u548c\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u901a\u8fc7 items() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u83b7\u53d6\u6307\u5b9a\u8282\u70b9\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> from configparser import ConfigParser\n>>> cfg = ConfigParser()\n>>> cfg.read("\/Users\/Bobot\/db.ini")\n['\/Users\/Bobot\/db.ini']\n>>> cfg.items("localdb")\n[('host', '127.0.0.1'), ('user', 'root'), ('password', '123456'), ('port', '3306'), ('database', 'mysql')]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0cconfigparser<\/code> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c06\u503c\u4ee5\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6211\u4eec\u5728 db.ini \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u52a0\u5f15\u53f7\u800c\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5b57\u9762\u91cf\u5199\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002<\/p>\n
\u83b7\u53d6\u5230\u952e\u503c\u5bf9\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5176\u5b9e\u76f4\u63a5\u5c31\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u6362\u6210\u5b57\u5178\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u89e3\u5305\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8fdb\u884c\u7a7f\u53c2\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4ee3\u7801\u7b80\u6d01\uff1a<\/p>\n
#!pip install pymysql\nimport pymysql\nfrom configparser import ConfigParser\n\ncfg = ConfigParser()\ncfg.read("\/Users\/Bobot\/db.ini")\ndb_cfg = dict(cfg.items("localdb"))\n\ncon = pymysql.connect(**db_cfg)<\/code><\/pre>\n
json<\/strong><\/h2>\n
json \u683c\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6587\u4ef6\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u8f83\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u6362\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cjson \u6709\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982 npm\uff08JavaScript \u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5de5\u5177\u7c7b\u4f3c Python \u7684 pip\uff09\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u5fae\u8f6f\u51fa\u54c1\u7684\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684 VSCode \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u90fd\u4f7f\u7528 json \u7f16\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u53c2\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n
\u548c configparser \u4e00\u6837\uff0cPython \u4e5f\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 json \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 load() \u548c loads() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5bfc\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u5f0f\u548c\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u7684 json \u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
{\n    "localdb":{\n        "host": "127.0.0.1",\n        "user": "root",\n        "password": "123456",\n        "port": 3306,\n        "database": "mysql"\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a db.json \u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\u548c\u89e3\u6790\uff0cjson \u5e93\u8bfb\u53d6 json \u6587\u4ef6\u76f8\u5bf9\u7b80\u5355\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u6790\u6210 Python \u7684\u5b57\u5178\u5bf9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n
>>> import json\n>>> from pprint import pprint\n>>> \n>>> with open('\/Users\/Bobot\/db.json') as j:\n...     cfg = json.load(j)['localdb']\n... \n>>> pprint(cfg)\n{'database': 'mysql',\n 'host': '127.0.0.1',\n 'password': '123456',\n 'port': 3306,\n 'user': 'root'}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4f7f\u7528 json \u6587\u4ef6\u914d\u7f6e\u7684\u7f3a\u70b9\u5c31\u662f\u8bed\u6cd5\u6807\u51c6\u4e25\u683c\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u4e3a\u4eba\u6240\u8bdf\u75c5\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u5f53\u4e2d\u5199\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u91c7\u53d6 json \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u8d85\u96c6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u66ff\u4ee3\u65b9\u6848\uff08VSCode \u4e2d\u80fd\u5199\u6ce8\u91ca\u7684 json \u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u4fbf\u662f\u4ee3\u66ff\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\uff09\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u5b58\u5728\u5d4c\u5957\u8fc7\u6df1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5bfc\u81f4\u51fa\u9519\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u7528\u6765\u5199\u8fc7\u957f\u6216\u590d\u6742\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/p>\n
toml<\/strong><\/h2>\n
toml \u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u6216 tml \u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u662f Github \u8054\u5408\u521b\u59cb\u4eba Tom Preston-Werner \u6240\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u6839\u636e\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff0ctoml \u6700\u5f00\u59cb\u63d0\u51fa\u65f6\u662f\u5728 2013\u5e747\u6708\u4efd\uff0c\u8ddd\u4eca\u5df2\u6709\u4e03\u5e74\u65f6\u95f4\uff1b\u5b83\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4e5f\u4e0e\u540e\u9762\u8981\u8c08\u5230\u7684 yaml \u6587\u4ef6\u6709\u4e9b\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5f53\u4f60\u77e5\u9053 yaml \u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u9875\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u9519\uff0c\u771f\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u51e0\u5341\u9875\u2026\u2026\uff09\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f60\u771f\u7684\u5c31\u4e0d\u592a\u613f\u610f\u53bb\u5199\u90a3\u4e48\u590d\u6742\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0ctoml \u683c\u5f0f\u5219\u5012\u662f\u4e2a\u4e0d\u9519\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n
toml \u683c\u5f0f\u5927\u81f4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/p>\n
\u4ece\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa toml \u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e\u524d\u9762\u6240\u8bb2\u7684 ini \u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u6bd4 ini \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u6837\u4f8b\u56fe\u7247\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u4ee5\u5916\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u3001\u5e03\u5c14\u503c\u3001\u6570\u7ec4\u7b49\u90fd\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6837\u5f0f\u548c Python \u7684\u539f\u751f\u5199\u6cd5\u5341\u5206\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e0d\u4f1a\u8fc7\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd toml \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u89c4\u8303\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u5df2\u7ecf\u5bf9\u5b98\u65b9\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u6587\u6863\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u7ffb\u8bd1\uff0c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u67e5\u9605\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u4e48\u5951\u5408 Python \u65b9\u5f0f\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9020\u51fa\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u300c\u8f6e\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5728 Github \u4e0a Stars \u6570\u6700\u591a\u7684\u662f\u5219\u662f uiri\/toml \u7684\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u8be5\u7248\u672c\u4ec5\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86 v0.5 \u7248\u672c toml \u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4e0a\u8fd8\u662f\u86ee\u7b80\u6d01\u7684\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 pip \u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5<\/p>\n
pip install toml<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u8be5\u5e93\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u65b9\u5f0f\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u4e5f\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e json \u5e93\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u901a\u8fc7load() \u6216 loads() \u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff1b\u540c\u7406\u8f6c\u6362\u5e76\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u6837\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6bd4\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c06\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u5199\u5165\u5230 config.toml \u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
[mysql]\nhost     = "127.0.0.1"\nuser     = "root"\nport     = 3306\ndatabase = "test"\n\n  [mysql.parameters]\n  pool_size = 5\n  charset   = "utf8"\n\n  [mysql.fields]\n  pandas_cols = [ "id", "name", "age", "date"]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7 toml \u5e93\u4e2d\u7684 load() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u8bfb\u53d6\uff1a<\/p>\n
>>> import toml\n>>> import os\n>>> from pprint import pprint\n>>> cfg = toml.load(os.path.expanduser("~\/Desktop\/config.toml"))\n>>> pprint(cfg)\n{'mysql': {'database': 'test',\n           'fields': {'pandas_cols': ['id', 'name', 'age', 'date']},\n           'host': '127.0.0.1',\n           'parameters': {'charset': 'utf8', 'pool_size': 5},\n           'port': 3306,\n           'user': 'root'}}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230 toml \u6587\u4ef6\u88ab\u95f4\u63a5\u5730\u8f6c\u5316\u6210\u4e86\u5b57\u5178\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f json \u7248\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\uff08\u5c06\u5355\u5f15\u53f7\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u53cc\u5f15\u53f7\u5373\u53ef\uff09\uff0c\u65b9\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u540e\u7eed\u8c03\u7528\u6216\u8005\u4f20\u53c2\u3002<\/p>\n
yaml<\/strong><\/h2>\n
yaml \u683c\u5f0f\uff08\u6216 yml \u683c\u5f0f\uff09\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u8f83\u4e3a\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u65e9\u5728 2001 \u7531\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a Clark Evans \u7684\u4eba\u63d0\u51fa\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\u5b83\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u5178\u578b\u7684\u5c31\u662f Docker \u5bb9\u5668\u91cc\u7684 docker-compose.yml \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 Docker \u8fdb\u884c\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u4eba\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e0d\u4f1a\u964c\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n
yaml \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4ece Python\u3001XML \u7b49\u5730\u65b9\u83b7\u53d6\u7075\u611f\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u80fd\u5f88\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u5f71\u5b50\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u8282 toml \u5185\u5bb9\u91cc\u6211\u66fe\u63d0\u5230\uff0cyaml \u7684\u89c4\u8303\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5197\u957f\u548c\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u8db3\u8db3\u670980\u9875\u4e4b\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n
\"\u56fe\u7247\"<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u81ea\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u76f8\u5173\u7528\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
YAML \u5b98\u65b9\u65e9\u5df2\u7ecf\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 Python \u5e93\u8fdb\u884c\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5373 PyYAML\uff1b\u5f53\u7136\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u9700\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u4e8b\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\uff1a<\/p>\n
pip install pyyaml<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u540c json \u5e93\u548c toml \u5e93\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 load() \u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u8fdb\u884c\u52a0\u8f7d\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 load() \u65b9\u6cd5\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\uff0c\u4ece\u601d\u79d1 Talos \u7684\u8fd9\u4efd\u62a5\u544a\u4e2d\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u52a0\u8f7d\u4e86\u672a\u77e5\u6216\u4e0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u7684 yaml \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5b58\u5728\u88ab\u653b\u51fb\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u548c\u7f51\u7edc\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u80fd\u591f\u76f4\u63a5\u8c03\u7528\u76f8\u5e94\u7684 Python \u51fd\u6570\u6765\u6267\u884c\u4e3a\u653b\u51fb\u8005\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8bf4\u5728 yaml \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5199\u5165\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n
# \u4f7f\u7528Linux\u548cmacOS\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u4e0d\u8981\u8f7b\u6613\u5c1d\u8bd5\n!!python\/object\/apply:os.system ["rm -rf \/"]<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u597d\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 safe_load() \u6765\u4ee3\u66ff load() \u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8fd9\u548c Python \u5185\u7f6e\u7684 string \u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u4e2d Template \u7c7b\u7684 substitute() \u6a21\u677f\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u540c\u6837\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u9690\u60a3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 safe_substitute() \u6765\u66ff\u4ee3\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u6211\u4eec\u73b0\u5728\u5c06\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u5199\u5165 config.yaml \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff1a<\/p>\n
mysql:\n  host: "127.0.0.1"\n  port: 3306\n  user: "root"\n  password: "123456"\n  database: "test"\n\n  parameter:\n    pool_size: 5\n    charset: "utf8"\n\n  fields:\n    pandas_cols: \n      - id\n      - name\n      - age\n      - date<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7136\u540e\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7 safe_load() \u65b9\u6cd5\u8fdb\u884c\u89e3\u6790\uff1a<\/p>\n
>>> import os\n>>> from pprint import pprint\n>>> \n>>> with open(os.path.expanduser("~\/config.yaml"), "r") as config:\n...     cfg = yaml.safe_load(config)\n... \n>>> pprint(cfg)\n{'mysql': {'database': 'test',\n           'fields': {'pandas_cols': ['id', 'name', 'age', 'date']},\n           'host': '127.0.0.1',\n           'parameter': {'charset': 'utf8', 'pool_size': 5},\n           'password': '123456',\n           'port': 3306,\n           'user': 'root'}}<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6700\u540e\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u524d\u9762\u7684 toml \u5e93\u7684\u89e3\u6790\u7ed3\u679c\u57fa\u672c\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7ed3\u5c3e<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u5217\u4e3e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6d41\u4e14\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u53ca\u5176 Python \u7684\u8bfb\u53d6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u5f53\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709 xml \u683c\u5f0f\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e xml \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0e Java \u7cfb\u8bed\u8a00\u6253\u4ea4\u9053\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u9047\u89c1\u5f97\u4f1a\u591a\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u4f46 xml \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u8ba9\u4eba\u671b\u800c\u751f\u754f\uff1b\u5bf9 xml \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u4e86\u89e3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 Chrome \u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u968f\u4fbf\u8fdb\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f51\u7ad9\u7136\u540e\u6309\u4e0b F12 \u8fdb\u5165\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u540e\u67e5\u770b\u90a3\u5bc6\u5bc6\u9ebb\u9ebb\u7684 html \u5143\u7d20\u4fbf\u662f .xml \u7684\u7f29\u5f71\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u50cf\u4e00\u4e9b .cfg\u3001<\/code>.properties<\/code> \u7b49\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u548c\u5f00\u5934\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u4f60\u5355\u72ec\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a .py \u6587\u4ef6\u6765\u4e66\u5199\u5404\u7c7b\u914d\u7f6e\u4fe1\u606f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5bfc\u5165\u90fd\u662f\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u8de8\u8bed\u8a00\u5171\u4eab\u65f6\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6709\u4e9b\u969c\u788d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u672c\u6587\u5c31\u4e0d\u8fc7\u591a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u81ea\u884c\u4e86\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5728\u672c\u6587\u91cc\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7c7b\u578b\u5176\u590d\u6742\u6027\u7531\u4e0a\u5230\u4e0b\u4f9d\u6b21\u589e\u52a0\uff1aini < json \u2248 toml < yaml<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e4b\u95f4\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u52a3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u5b9e\u9645\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\u8981\u6c42\u6765\u5177\u4f53\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u5199\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6 \u5728\u5f00\u53d1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u7528\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u56fa\u5b9a\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8005\u662f\u5e38\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8f83\u4e3a\u56fa\u5b9a\u4e14\u5e38\u7528\u5230\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4f1a\u5c06\u5176\u5199\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fa\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u907f   \u2026 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[53],"tags":[16],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=865"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1013,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/865\/revisions\/1013"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=865"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=865"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=865"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}