{"id":1624,"date":"2023-04-18T18:12:48","date_gmt":"2023-04-18T10:12:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/175.24.184.226\/?p=1624"},"modified":"2023-04-18T18:12:48","modified_gmt":"2023-04-18T10:12:48","slug":"linux%e5%87%a0%e7%a7%8d%e5%b8%b8%e8%a7%81%e7%9a%84shell%ef%bc%9ash%e3%80%81bash%e3%80%81csh%e3%80%81tcsh%e3%80%81ash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"\/?p=1624","title":{"rendered":"linux\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u7684Shell\uff1ash\u3001bash\u3001csh\u3001tcsh\u3001ash"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/so.csdn.net\/so\/search?q=Linux&amp;spm=1001.2101.3001.7020\">Linux<\/a> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7531\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31\u6784\u6210\u4e86\u4eca\u5929\u7684 Linux\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Linux \u5185\u6838\u6700\u521d\u7531\u82ac\u5170\u9ed1\u5ba2 Linus Torvalds \u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u4ed6\u7ec4\u5efa\u4e86\u56e2\u961f\uff0cLinux \u5185\u6838\u7531\u8fd9\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<\/li>\n<li>GNU \u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u5e93\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982 GCC \u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u3001C\u8bed\u8a00\u6807\u51c6\u5e93\u3001\u6587\u672c\u7f16\u8f91\u5668 Emacs\u3001\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3001Shell \u4ee5\u53ca GNOME \u684c\u9762\u73af\u5883\u7b49\u3002<\/li>\n<li>VIM \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\u7531\u8377\u5170\u4eba Bram Moolenaar \u5f00\u53d1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Windows\u3001Mac OS\u3001Android \u7b49\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u7531\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8f6f\u4ef6\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u5e93\u90fd\u7531\u4e00\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u505a\u51b3\u5b9a\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u5f62\u6210\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5f00\u53d1\u591a\u6b3e\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u800c Linux \u4e0d\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u201c\u4e07\u56fd\u724c\u201d\uff0c\u7531\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u4e3a\u4e86\u53d1\u5c55\u81ea\u5df1\u7684 Linux \u5206\u652f\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f00\u53d1\u51fa\u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u6709\u4f18\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u9009\u62e9\u3002Shell \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4e00\u6b3e\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684 Shell\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5404\u6709\u6240\u957f\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5360\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u5c11\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u652f\u6301\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7f16\u7a0b\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u597d\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u7528\u6237\u4f53\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Shell \u65e2\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u811a\u672c\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u63a5\u5185\u6838\u548c\u7528\u6237\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5e38\u89c1\u7684 Shell \u6709 sh\u3001bash\u3001csh\u3001tcsh\u3001ash \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>sh<\/h2>\n<p>sh \u7684\u5168\u79f0\u662f Bourne shell\uff0c\u7531 AT&amp;T \u516c\u53f8\u7684 Steve Bourne\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e86\u7eaa\u5ff5\u4ed6\uff0c\u5c31\u7528\u4ed6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u547d\u540d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>sh \u662f UNIX \u4e0a\u7684\u6807\u51c6 shell\uff0c\u5f88\u591a UNIX \u7248\u672c\u90fd\u914d\u6709 sh\u3002sh \u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d41\u884c\u7684 Shell\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>csh<\/h2>\n<p>sh \u4e4b\u540e\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e7f\u4e3a\u6d41\u4f20\u7684 shell \u662f\u7531\u67cf\u514b\u83b1\u5927\u5b66\u7684 Bill Joy \u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a shell \u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u6709\u70b9\u7c7b\u4f3cC\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u624d\u5f97\u540d\u4e3a C shell \uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e3a csh\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Bill Joy \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u98ce\u4e91\u4eba\u7269\uff0c\u4ed6\u521b\u7acb\u4e86 BSD \u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86 vi \u7f16\u8f91\u5668\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f Sun \u516c\u53f8\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>BSD \u662f UNIX \u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u5206\u652f\uff0c\u540e\u4eba\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u6700\u8457\u540d\u7684\u6709 FreeBSD\u3001OpenBSD \u548c NetBSD\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde Mac OS X \u5728\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u4e5f\u57fa\u4e8eBSD\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2>tcsh<\/h2>\n<p>tcsh \u662f csh \u7684\u589e\u5f3a\u7248\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u4e86\u547d\u4ee4\u8865\u5168\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>ash<\/h2>\n<p>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684 Shell\uff0c\u5360\u7528\u8d44\u6e90\u5c11\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u8fd0\u884c\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5185\u5b58\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u4e0e\u4e0b\u9762\u8bb2\u5230\u7684 bash shell \u5b8c\u5168\u517c\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>bash<\/h2>\n<p>bash shell \u662f Linux \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4 shell\uff0c\u672c\u6559\u7a0b\u4e5f\u57fa\u4e8e bash \u7f16\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n<p>bash \u7531 GNU \u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f00\u53d1\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e86\u5bf9 sh shell \u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5404\u79cd Linux \u53d1\u884c\u7248\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u7684 shell\u3002<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>bash \u517c\u5bb9 sh \u610f\u5473\u7740\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9 sh \u7f16\u5199\u7684 Shell \u4ee3\u7801\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u52a0\u4fee\u6539\u5730\u5728 bash \u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\uff0cbash \u548c sh \u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cbash \u6269\u5c55\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\u548c\u53c2\u6570\uff1b<\/li>\n<li>\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0cbash \u5e76\u4e0d\u5b8c\u5168\u548c sh \u517c\u5bb9\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6709\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4f01\u4e1a\u8fd0\u7ef4\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u533a\u522b\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u7279\u6b8a\u573a\u666f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 bash \u4ee3\u66ff sh\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u67e5\u770b Shell<\/h2>\n<p>Shell \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u90fd\u662f\u653e\u5728<code>\/bin<\/code>\u6216\u8005<code>\/user\/bin<\/code>\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u524d<br \/>\nLinux \u7cfb\u7edf\u53ef\u7528\u7684 Shell \u90fd\u8bb0\u5f55\u5728<code>\/etc\/shells<\/code>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u3002<code>\/etc\/shells<\/code>\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7eaf\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u56fe\u5f62\u754c\u9762\u4e0b\u6253\u5f00\u5b83\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<br \/>\ncat \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u5b83\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7 cat \u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u53ef\u7528 Shell\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">$ cat \/etc\/shells\n\/bin\/sh\n\/bin\/bash\n\/sbin\/nologin\n\/usr\/bin\/sh\n\/usr\/bin\/bash\n\/usr\/sbin\/nologin\n\/bin\/tcsh\n\/bin\/csh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u5728\u73b0\u4ee3\u7684 Linux \u4e0a\uff0csh \u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab bash \u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c<code>\/bin\/sh<\/code>\u5f80\u5f80\u662f\u6307\u5411<code>\/bin\/bash<\/code>\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u94fe\u63a5\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5e0c\u671b\u67e5\u770b\u5f53\u524d Linux \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4 Shell\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f93\u51fa SHELL \u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-shell\">echo SHELL\n\/bin\/bash<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 Shell \u662f bash\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Linux \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u7531\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u673a\u6784\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u5f00\u53d1\u5b8c\u6210\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ed3\u6784\u6216\u4e2a\u4eba\u8d1f\u8d23\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u7ec4\u5408\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5c31   \u2026 &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[14],"tags":[15,138],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1624"}],"collection":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1624"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1625,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1624\/revisions\/1625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}